1. The Flipped Classroom A Blended LearningModel Diffusion and Integration of Educational Technology by Marie Anglin

2. Flipped Classroom Need Research Development Commercialization

3. Research What research organization or people developed a solution to this problem or need? What were their findings? Who were the lead thinkers and how did they convince a manufacturer to produce it? Development What problems were encountered in the process for the blended learning innovation? Who was the intended audience? Commercialization Describe the production, manufacturing, packaging, marketing, and distribution. Need What problem or need existed that gave rise to blended learning?

4. Need By the time students were leaving school, whether or not high school years were completed, they were not equipped with the necessary skills to contribute, compete, and survive in the global economy. Jobs were being outsourced to individuals in other countries because Americans did not possess the necessary skills needed. This takes a toll on our economy, which is also technology driven. Promoting high school completion as well as college and career readiness became an important challenge.

5. Each school's Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) is based on three criteria 1) Participation of students during testing 2) Academic performance 3) Attendance (for elementary and middle schools) Graduation rate (for high schools) http://www.cobbk12.org/centraloffice/accountability/ Reports/Cobb%20County%20School%20District%2 0-%20Improvement%20Plan%202010-1014%20- %20UPDATED.pdf Need

6. County records reveal the number of students in schools identified as "needs improvement" that were eligible for Supplemental Educational Services (SES) and the number of students who participated. Approximately 17% participated in 2009-2010 Approximately 18% participated in 2010-2011 Using the flipped classroom model can decrease the number of low performing students. http://www.cobbk12.org/centraloffice/title1/pa rentinvolv.aspx

7. Need The flipped classroom model provides teachers more time to focus on individual student needs. The flipped classroom model provides on-going opportunities for students to work cooperatively with peers. The flipped classroom model promotes in-depth knowledge of concepts.

8. Need "There is a profound gap between the knowledge and skills most students learn in school and the knowledge and skills they need in typical 21st century communities and workplaces" (p21.org).

9. Research In 2002 The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P21) was founded by Ken Kay and Diny Goder- Dardis, with support from various organizations including the U.S. Department of Education. Organizations in the technology community that contributed to the founding of P21 include Dell Computer Corporation, AOL Time Warner Foundation, Apple Computer, Inc., Microsoft Corporation, Cable in the Classroom, SAP, Cisco Systems, Inc., and the National Education Association. http://p21.org/about-us/our-missionhttp://p21.org/about-us/our-mission

10. Research Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams started teaching Science at Woodland Park High School in 2004. They were faced with the problem of many students missing school due to sports or other activities and therefore the students struggled to catch up. In 2007 they posted their first lecture online and have used the flipped model since then. Bergmann and Sams have received the Presidential Award for Excellence in Math and Science Teaching.

11. Research Bergmann and Sams have shared their experiences with increased student interaction and parent responses to the flipped classroom model. They also recently published a book in 2012. Bergmann, J. & Sams, A. (2012). How the Flipped Classroom Is Radically Transforming Learning. Retrieved from http://www.thedailyriff.com/articles/how-the- flipped-classroom-is-radically-transforming- learning-536.php http://www.thedailyriff.com/articles/how-the- flipped-classroom-is-radically-transforming- learning-536.php

12. Development When Bergmann and Sams first used what they refer to as screencasting technology, it was intended for high school students. The practice of having students watch a video at home as a means of content delivery was altered by educators who chose to adopt the model.

13. Problems the developers encountered were the incorrect use of the model to re-teach, remediate, and use as an instructional tool in the classroom. There are various forms of the model. The Khan Academy, which has received much attention with TED Talk, represents just one form of the model. http://www.thedailyriff.com/articles/the-flipped- class-shedding-light-on-the-confusion-critique- and-hype-801.php Development

14. Commercialization P21 plays a major role in the marketing and distribution of the flipped classroom model. Since the Common Core Standards are being implemented in many states, educators are directed to incorporate tools and resources to meet the standards. http://www.corestandards.org/ https://thepartnershipfor21stcenturyskills238.eduv ision.tv/default.aspx Professional learning communities, examples of the flipped classroom in action, and how-to videos are available online. http://flippedclassroom.org/

15. Commercialization Jonathan Bergmann and Aaron Sams have written a book about the flipped classroom that has been published. Technology conferences are currently providing insight into the flipped classroom model. https://www.iste.org/ https://www.iste.org/ Any program or device that can be used for screencasting content delivery would encompass the production, manufacturing, and packaging of the flipped classroom model. This would include social media, PowerPoint, and even smartphones.

16. Innovation-Decision Process Timeline Knowledge Phase2012 - 2013 Persuasion Phase2013 - 2014 Decision Phase2014 Implementation Phase2015 Confirmation Phase2017 http://groups.ascd.org/resource/documents/122 463-flippedclass101.pdf

17. S-Curve of Diffusion Process 2012 20132014 2015 2017 knowledge phase persuasion phase decision phase implementation phase confirmation phase innovators 2.5% early adopters 13.5% early majority 34% late majority 34%

18. Knowledge Phase 2012-2013 Exposure to Flipped Classrooms Each school's leadership team will attend a bi- monthly information session to view and discuss videos of the flipped classroom model in action. All members of the leadership team will also receive a copy of Sams and Bergmann's book Flip Your Classroom. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2H4RkudFzlc

19. Persuasion Phase 2013-2014 How We Know It Works Of the 67 elementary schools, one school from each of the six areas will be selected to serve as a model to pilot the innovation of the flipped classroom. Administrators may decide to select one teacher from each grade level to serve as a model classroom or select specific teachers within the school. Schools selected as a model would welcome other teachers within the area to view the flipped classroom in action. http://www.edutopia.org/blog/flipped-classroom-best- practices-andrew-miller

20. Decision Phase 2014 Now is the Time The Accountability Office and testing coordinators will release a schdule for collection of data points to all schools. Collect data from common assessments, Benchmarks, and standardized assessments to compare with model classrooms. http://flippedclassroom.org/

21. Getting Started The schools where the flipped classroom model were piloted will fully implement the model beginning with grades 3-5. In those same schools, grades k-2 will begin to pilot this method as model classrooms. Other participants from the persuasion phase will begin to pilot the flipped classroom in their schools. http://flippedclassroom.org/ http://www.knewton.com/flipped-classroom/ Implementation Phase 2015

22. The Elementary and Secondary Act of 1965 requires the district to arrange for supplemental education services. Title I funds can be used to provide the free tutoring service for eligible students. Computer labs will be made available for student use before the official academic start time, after school, during lunch, or at scheduled enrichment times. Implementation Phase

23. Confirmation Phase 2017 Using Data as Proof The Accoountability Office and testing coordinators will revisit previous data collection points in comparison to data from 2015. Demonstration of the success of the flipped classroom model will be evident. https://flippedlearning.eduvision.tv/defaul t.aspx

24. Attributes of the Flipped Classroom

25. Attributes and Their Rate of Adoption  Relative Advantage "the degree to which an innovation is perceived as being better than the idea that supersedes"(Rogers, 2003, p.229).  Compatability "the degree to which an innovation is perceived as consistent with the existing values, past experiences, and needs of potential adopters" (Rogers, 2003, p. 240).  Complexity "the degree to which an innovation is perceived as relatively difficult to understand and use" (Rogers, 2003, p. 257).

26.  Trialability "the degree to which an innovation may be experimented with on a limited basis. New ideas that can be tried on the installment plan are generally adopted more rapidly than innovations that are not divisible" (Rogers, 2003, p.258).  Observability "the degree to which the results of an innovation are visible to others" (Rogers, 2003, p.258). Attributes and Their Rate of Adoption

27. Meeting the Critical Mass Relative Advantage The flipped classroom is a better model to adopt to ensure effective use of instructional time. The flipped classroom model supports differentiation, technology integration, and a home-school connection. TrialabilityCompatability The flipped classroom model will be piloted in selected schools to assess the success rate prior to district wide implementation.

28. Meeting the Critical Mass The traditional teaching style with the mindset of one size fits all is unacceptable. Multiple intelligences and learning styles must be taken into consideration when providing instruction to all learners. The high demand for proper use of instructional time limits the time spent on reviewing homework assignments that students may not have even completed on their own. The flipped classroom model is better for effective use of instructional time. Relative Advantage

29. Teachers face the challenge of providing differentiated instruction to meet the needs of all their students. The flipped classroom model is limitless in regards to differentiation opportunities. The flipped classroom model addresses the need for technology integration. Meeting the Critical Mass Compatability

30. Meeting the Critical Mass The flipped classroom model will be piloted in six schools, one from each area. The flipped classroom model will then be fully implemented in each of the six schools. The remaining schools will first pilot the model before fully implementing the flipped classroom. Trialability

31. Change Agents  Develop a need for change  Establish an information exchange relationship  Diagnose problems  Create an intent to change in the client  Translate an intent into action  Stabilize adoption and prevent discontinuance  Achieve a terminal relationship

32. Key Change Agents Administrators Team Leaders Presenter select team leaders 2 per grade level

33. Plan for Adoption With any innovation, the adoption rate of groups of individiuals within a social system varies. Rogers (2003) identifies five adopter catergories as 1) innovators who are venturesome, 2) early adopters who are the go-to individuals, 3) early majority who take more time to deliberate, 4) late majority who are skeptical, and 5) laggards who tend to be traditional. The early adopters in the schools will play an important role in promoting the innovation of the flipped classroom.

34. Innovators Early Adopters administrators, grade level team leaders Early Majority all teachers in grades 3- 5, media specialist, and technology teacher Late Majority all classes in grades k-2 Laggards enrichment teachers, afterschool program staff members offer credits and entry to a technology conference offer credits build reputation for school wide success collaboration with a grade level team

35. Decentralized Approach "Instead of coming out of R&D systems, innovations often bubbled up from the operational levels of a system, with the inventing done by certain lead users. Then the new ideas spread horizontally via peer networks, with a high degree of re-invention occurring as the innovations are modified by users to fit their particular conditions" (Rogers, 2003, p. 395).

36. The diffusion of the flipped classroom model will be most successful with a decentralized approach. For example, kindergarten teachers in comparison to fifth grade teachers will need to make modifications to meet the needs of their students. In addition, modifications need to be in place for students who may not have acccess to the internet outside of the school building. Decentralized Approach

37. Appealing to the Critical Mass establish a positive reputation for being an innovative school offer professional development credits offer free admittance to a technology conference Incentives should be offered to early adopters in an effort to achieve critical mass for the innovation of the flipped classroom model.

38.  equip students with necessary tools and skills to contribute, compete, and survive in our global economy.  meet and exceed Common Core Standards /College and Career Skills.  incorporate technology.  balance the learning opportunities regardless of attendance.  take charge of the success of your schools! There is a need to...

39.  Supports Common Core Standards /College and Career Skills  Prepare students to work collaboratively  Students have access to content material anytime, anywhere  Outstanding results proven at different locations  Resources to support the implementation  Promote the nurturing of model citizens to make positive social changes Flipped Classroom is The Match!