1. Race Matters Understanding Racial and Gender Inequality

2. Attitudes / Opinions Education Income / Jobs Housing Incarceration / Criminal Justice Healthcare

3. 1962/1963 Gallup poll  2/3 of whites said blacks were treated equally in white communities.  Nearly 90% of whites said black children were treated equally in terms of educational opportunity.

4. 2008 Gallup / USA Today poll  More than 3 out of 4 whites say blacks have “just as good a chance as whites to get any job for which they are qualified.” (fewer than half of African Americans agree)  80% of whites say blacks have “just as good a chance as whites to get a good education.” (fewer than half of African Americans agree)  85% of whites say blacks have “just as good a chance to get any housing they can afford.” (52% of African Americans agree)

5. Opinion Polls  1 out of 9 whites believe racial discrimination against blacks is still a serious problem. (Survey for CNN and Essence Magazine, 2009)  7 out of 10 blacks said they had suffered a specific discriminatory incident (up from 62% in 2000). (New York Times/CBS poll, 2008)

6. Education  High poverty schools (disproportionately serving a high number of students of color) have, on average, three times the number of uncertified teachers or teachers instructing outside of their field of study, as teachers serving low-poverty, mostly white schools.  Schools serving mostly white students have three times as many advanced level courses offered as schools serving mostly students of color.

7. Income / Jobs  The average black family has 1/10 the net worth of the average white family.  The average latino family as 1/8 the net worth of the average white family  Black high school grads have higher unemployment than white drop outs. (U.S. Dept. of Labor)  How do you think women fare in relation to their male counterparts?

8. RACE WOMENMEN White, non-Hispanic$36,398$50,139 Black$31,035$35,652 Hispanic$25,454$29,239 Asian$40,664$51,174 American Indian, Alaska Native $28,837$34,833 Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islander $29,835$36,624 TOTAL$34,278$44,255 MEDIAN EARNINGS *U.S. Census & American Community Survey Reports

9. Income / Jobs  Single black and Hispanic women have one penny of wealth for every dollar of wealth owned by their male counterparts and a tiny fraction of a penny for every dollar of wealth owned by white women. (Center for Community Economic Development, 2010)  Median wealth for Native Americans was $5,700 compared with the median wealth for the sample overall was $65,000. (2007 Survey of Consumer Finances sponsored by the Federal Reserve board)

10. Income / Jobs  A study from 2003 found that white males with a criminal record are more likely than black males without one to be called back for an interview when all credentials, experience, demeanor, communication and dress styles are the same between them. (Devah Pager, Princeton)  In a Science Daily Study from 2008, they found that Chinese Americans in the legal and medical professions earn on average 44% less than their white counterparts

11. MIT/University of Chicago (2004)  Job applicants with white sounding names were 50% more likely to be called for a job interview than applicants with black sounding names even when relevant qualifications and experiences are indistinguishable.  In order for black named applicants to have an equal chance at a call back they had to have 8 more years of experience than those with white sounding names.

12. Housing  Blacks, Latinos, Asian Americans, and indigenous persons all pay higher mortgage rates on average, than white borrowers even when income, debt load, and several measures of credit history are the same. (Research Institute for Housing America, 2000)  Nearly 70% of whites with poor credit are able to receive a mortgage compared to only 16% of blacks with equally poor credit. (Wall Street Journal, 1995)

14. U.S. Department of Justice  1964: 2/3 of people in prison were white and 1/3 were people of color (mostly blacks); 1990: 2/3 of people in prison were people of color and 1/3 were white  Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education: when asked to envision a drug user, 95% of whites said they pictured a black person. (1995)

15. Criminal Justice  Whites are equally or more likely to possess drugs, alcohol, or cigarettes on campus; and whites are equally or more likely to carry a weapon to school. (Department of Education)  7 out of 10 drug users are white while blacks and Latinos represent less than 25% of all users, the latter represent 90% of those locked up for drug possession offense in a given year. (From “Confronting Racism: The Problem and the Response”)

16. Criminal Justice  African Americans, who only comprise 13% of regular drug users, make up for 35% of drug arrests, 55% of convictions, and 74% of people sent to prison for drug possession crimes. (2010)  Nationwide, African Americans sent to state prisons for drug offenses 13 times more often than white men. (2010)  In 1986, Congress passed laws that created a 100 to 1 sentencing disparity for crack vs. powder cocaine possession. People convicted in federal court of possession of 5 grams of crack cocaine will receive a minimum mandatory sentence of 5 years in federal prison. On the other hand, possession of 500 grams of powder cocaine carries the same sentence.

17. Criminal Justice  Even though black and white women have similar levels of drug use during pregnancy, black women are 10 times as likely as white women to be reported to a child welfare agency for prenatal drug use. (New England Journal of Medicine, 1990)  According to Justice Department reports, black and Latino motorists are more likely to be stopped and searched for illegal contraband; however, whites, when searched are more likely to be found with drugs or other illegal items in their possession.  According to the LAPD, blacks are three times as likely to be pulled over by police than whites.

18. Healthcare Doctors are less likely to order a full range of diagnostic tests and treatments for black patients than for whites even when the insurance is comparable. (Race Matters in Healthcare, 2002)