1. The Four Basic Parts of Plants Leaves Stems Roots Flowers

2. Leaves Functions Make food through photosynthesis Site of gas exchange Respiration (CO2 and water vapor released) Photosynthesis (O2 released) Store food (sugars)

3. Each species has unique leaf shape Adapted for their environment For light gathering For retaining water

4. Parts of the leaf Blade: Wide/Flat For light gathering Collects sunlight Petiole: Thin stalk Connects blade to stem

5. Tissues of the Leaf Cuticle Waxy substance that covers the leaves & stems Waterproof layer that keeps water in plants

6. Tissues of the Leaf (Epidermis) Stomata Openings in the underside of leaves For transpiration and gas exchange

7. Tissues of the Leaf (Epidermis) Guard Cells Two cells located on each side of stomata Open and closes stomata

8. Tissues of the Leaf (Epidermis) Guard Cells Absorbs water during the day and swells up into a semi-circle shape, opening the stoma Water evaporates and CO2 can enter

9. Tissues of the Leaf (Epidermis) Guard Cells Water is lost Guard cells deflate, closing stomata

10. Tissues of the Leaf Vascular Bundles Called veins Phloem moves food from leaf to the rest of the plant Xylem moves water & minerals up to leaves from roots

11. Number of leaves Simple: 1 blade connected to petiole

12. Number of leaves Compound: Many blades connected to one petiole