2. Islam

4. Basics of Islam 1. Deity: Allah, Monotheistic 2. Founder: Muhammad 3. Holy Book: Qur’an 4. Persons achieve salvation by following the Five Pillars of Islam.

5. The Life of Muhammad -Born in Mecca -Raised by his grandfather and uncle. -Married a businesswoman named Khadijah. -He took great interest in religion, which was largely polytheistic in this area

6. Muhammad’s life changed when the voice of the Angel Gabriel spoke to him while meditating in a cave near Mecca. Muhammad came to believe that the Lord spoke to him through Gabriel and that he was the last prophet.

7. Hijrah Muhammad began to spread His new religion in Mecca The People in charge did not like this, they thought it would hurt trade (Mecca was an important trade city) Muhammad and his followers are attacked and they flee Mecca to Medina. This trip is known as the Hijrah. Muhammad will build up his followers and go back and conquer Mecca, destroying the polytheistic temple

8. The Dome of the Rock

9. Five Pillars of Islam 1. Faith “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah”

10. Five Pillars of Islam 2. Prayer

11. Five Pillars of Islam 3. Alms Giving a fixed portion of one’s wealth to the needy or poor.

12. Five Pillars of Islam 4. Fasting Takes place during the month of Ramadan. Fasting occurs between dawn and sunset Spiritual needs are greater than physical needs

13. Five Pillars of Islam 5. Pilgrimage Hajj to Mecca

14. Sunna: Muhammad's example and the best model for proper living. Shari 'a: system of law that regulates the family life, moral conduct, and business and community life of Muslims. Important Terms

15. Important Terms- Major Branches of Islam Sunni- Most Muslim Nations 85% The group now known as Sunnis chose Abu Bakr, the prophet's adviser, to become the first successor, or caliph, to lead the Muslim state Caliphate Shiites 15% Iraq, Iran Shiites favored Ali, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law. Ali and his successors are called imams, who not only lead the Shiites but are considered to be descendants of Muhammad

16. Islam Today

17. Sharia Law Theft is punishable by amputation of the right hand (above). Criticizing or denying any part of the Quran is punishable by death. Criticizing or denying Muhammad is a prophet is punishable by death. Criticizing or denying Allah, the moon god of Islam is punishable by death. A Muslim who becomes a non-Muslim is punishable by death. A non-Muslim who leads a Muslim away from Islam is punishable by death. A non-Muslim man who marries a Muslim woman is punishable by death. A man can marry an infant girl and consummate the marriage when she is 9 years old. Girls' clitoris should be cut (per Muhammad's words in Book 41, Kitab Al- Adab, Hadith 5251). A woman can have 1 husband, but a man can have up to 4 wives; Muhammad can have more. A man can unilaterally divorce his wife but a woman needs her husband's consent to divorce. A man can beat his wife for insubordination. Testimonies of four male witnesses are required to prove rape against a woman. A woman who has been raped cannot testify in court against her rapist(s). A woman's testimony in court, allowed only in property cases, carries half the weight of a man's. A female heir inherits half of what a male heir inherits. A woman cannot drive a car, as it leads to fitnah (upheaval). A woman cannot speak alone to a man who is not her husband or relative. Meat to be eaten must come from animals that have been sacrificed to Allah - i.e., be Halal. Muslims should engage in Taqiyya and lie to non-Muslims to advance Islam.QuranAllah, the moon god9 years oldMuhammad HalalTaqiyya