1. CHAPTER 3 SECTION 1 (PGS. 86-91) Ideals of the Constitution Essential Question: What various governing goals and powers were included in the Constitution?

2. Pilgrims Agree to Be Governed Passengers on the Mayflower (Pilgrims) agree to follow a government in the new world at their consent This started a new form of government. A government in which citizens willingly agree to follow

3. Mayflower Compact Pilgrims officially willingly agree to be governed by signing the Mayflower Compact on November 21, 1620 Pilgrims willing agree to give up individual powers/ rights/ freedoms while also agreeing to follow orders of a government that they chose “the consent of the government” citizens willingly agreeing to a government is a American idea that came from the Mayflower Compact

4. Government Power from the People The phrase “We the People” in the Constitution means the U.S. government gets its power to governed from citizens Preamble: the introduction explaining why the Constitution was written Government by popular sovereignty is one of America’s most cherished ideas Popular Sovereignty: government by the consent to governed, by citizens approval

5. Reaching the Goals of the Constitution Constitution is based on ensuring popular sovereignty by using principles including limited government, majority rule with minority rights, and protection of individual rights

6. Limited Government Framers created a limited government to prevent the central government from becoming too powerful Limited Government: a system in which government powers are carefully spelled out to prevent government from becoming too powerful Also known as “rule of law” meaning no one citizen, not even the president, is above the law

7. Majority Rule with Minority Rights Framers of the Constitution stated that decisions in America’s government will be by majority rule, but they also made provisions to give minority rights. This gave minorities protective rights that they can use to express themselves and that a majority couldn’t overpower Majority Rule: a system in which the decision of more than half the people is accepted by all

8. Powers of the People Bill of Rights: specific freedoms listed given to every U.S. citizen Were the first ten amendments added to the Constitution Added in 1791 (the Constitution was written in 1787) One of most valued and protected parts of the Constitution One of the most influential documents ever written due to it given citizens undeniable rights

9. The Federal System Framers came up with this government system out of wanting to address three concerns: needing a strong central government, keeping independent state governments, and preserving self-government started by the Mayflower Compact Framers really like the idea that federalism would divided powers between national (federal) and state governments The Federal/ National is based in Washington D.C. and makes laws that effect the whole nation Each state has it’s government operations of constitution, offices, and officials State government operations and laws only effect the citizens of that one state The Federal System allows a national government deal with larger territorial matters like defense and trade while state governments can focus of matters dealing with local citizens, traditions, resources, etc.

10. Federal Government Powers The Constitution gives the national/federal government powers. They are called delegated powers. Delegated Powers: powers given to the federal government by the Constitution These powers include creating a currency, controlling national trade and defense These delegated powers to the federal government were a major difference between the U.S. Constitution and the Articles of Confederation

11. State Government Powers The Constitution gives state governments powers. They are called reserved powers. Reserved Powers: powers set aside by the U.S. Constitution for the states or for the people (people of the state) States conduct all elections including national offices, establish schools, and regulate trade within their state, establish local governments

12. Shared Powers Powers the national and state government both have Concurrent Powers: powers shared by the federal government and the states Both can raise taxes, establish courts, create banks, enforce laws, etc. State laws must agree with federal laws or it will ruled invalid The Constitution states the federal government is “the supreme law of the land”