1. SINGULAR AND PLURAL FORMS

2. INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A/AN Use A/AN with singular nouns: a pen, an apple. Use AN with a noun beginning with a vowel: an iPod, an identity card. Use A with nouns beginning with U when U is pronounced /JÜ:/: a university, a unicorn, a uniform BUT an umbrella.

3. INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A/AN Use A/AN to say what something is or what job people do: It’s a photo of my son, He’s a doctor, She’s a waitress, She’s an architect BUT They’re teachers. Use A/AN in expressions of frequency: Three times a week.

4. INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A/AN We often use A/AN the first time we mention a person or thing: It’s a camera, It’s an umbrella, He’s a mechanic.

5. DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE Use THE when we know which: Open the door NOT Open a door. Use THE with singular and plural nouns: Close the windows, please.

6. REGULAR PLURALS Add –S (or –ES or –IES) to make plural nouns: books, watches, tomatoes, countries. Add –ES after –CH, -SH,-S, -X, -O: They’re matches, boxes, kisses, potatoes/tomatoes BUT photos.

7. REGULAR PLURALS Change –Y to –I and add –ES when you have a consonant + Y: country- countries, city-cities, dictionary- dictionaries. Add –S after a vowel + y: boy-boys Don’t use A/AN with plural nouns: They’re keys NOT They’re a keys.

8. IRREGULAR PLURALS A MAN-MEN A WOMAN-WOMEN A CHILD-CHILDREN A PERSON-PEOPLE A MOUSE-MICE A FOOT-FEET / A TOOTH-TEETH

9. IRREGULAR PLURALS A KNIFE-KNIVES A LEAF-LEAVES A SHEEP-SHEEP