1. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 1 CHAPTER 29 COMMUNITY AND SOCIAL CAREERS

2. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 2 Chapter 29 Learning Objectives  Define at least eight terms relating to community and social health care.  Describe the function of the community and social health care team.

3. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 3 Chapter 29 Learning Objectives  Specify the role of the community and social health care team members, including personal qualities, educational requirements, responsibilities, and credentialing requirements.  Identify at least six services provided by community health care agencies.

4. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 4 Chapter 29 Learning Objectives  Specify the difference between physical and psychological drug dependency.  Identify at least four signs and symptoms of withdrawal from an addictive substance.

5. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 5 Careers in Community and Social Health Care  Primary goals of community and social health care workers  Prevention of illness and injury  Provision of care to a population  Community and social care workers are involved in  Search for the source of disease  Use of technical and regulatory means to protect the population from environmental, social, and behavioral hazards

6. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 6 Community and Social Health Careers

7. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 7 Resources and Services for Domestic Violence Victims

8. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 8 Community and Social Career: Costs and Earnings

9. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 9 Community Health Providers  Community nutrition worker  Provides food and nutritional education through public health clinics and programs Screening patients to determine eligibility Screening patients to determine eligibility Testing blood Testing blood Taking dietary histories Taking dietary histories Assessing vital signs Assessing vital signs Counseling on basic nutrition Counseling on basic nutrition  Education High school education and experience working with public or training in nutrition education High school education and experience working with public or training in nutrition education

10. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 10 Community Health Providers  Caseworker supervisor  Supervises and coordinates agency staff  Assigns cases  Education Graduate level plus social work experience Graduate level plus social work experience

11. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 11 Community Health Providers  Caseworker  Provides counseling for children, parents, and foster parents  Determines suitability of foster and adoption applicants and places children  Education Bachelor’s degree in social work (master’s degree preferred) Bachelor’s degree in social work (master’s degree preferred)

12. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 12 Community Health Providers  Case assistant  Works under the direction of the caseworker  Assists patients in completing forms and applications  Training On-the-job or vocational school training On-the-job or vocational school training

13. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 13 Community Health Providers  Attendant for children’s institutions  Works under the supervision of the director  Provides care for children who are in housed in city, county, private, or other institutions Assists the children in dressing Assists the children in dressing Assists with feeding, schooling, and recreational activities Assists with feeding, schooling, and recreational activities  Education High school diploma is preferred High school diploma is preferred

14. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 14 Community Health Providers  Child care attendant (school setting)  Helps the disabled child perform tasks needed to attend classes  Duties may include Transporting child Transporting child Replacing braces or slings Replacing braces or slings Helping with participation in activities Helping with participation in activities  Education High school graduate High school graduate

15. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 15 Child Care Attendant FIGURE 29-3 A child care attendant assists with recreational activities.

16. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 16 Social Care Providers  Health sociologist  Identifies and explains social factors affecting care of patients  Specializes in the study of the effect of social factors on disease Gathers and interprets data about the community Gathers and interprets data about the community  Works in universities or the government  Education Usually have a doctoral (PhD) degree Usually have a doctoral (PhD) degree

17. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 17 Social Care Providers  Geriatric social worker (GSW)  Provides assistance to the elderly in Hospitals Hospitals Group homes Group homes Senior centers Senior centers Hospice setting Hospice setting Long-term-care facilities Long-term-care facilities  Most states require licensure or certification.  Education Bachelor’s or master’s degree in social work Bachelor’s or master’s degree in social work

18. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 18 Geriatric Social Worker FIGURE 29-4 Geriatric social workers help to improve quality of life for the elderly.

19. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 19 Social Care Providers  Three levels of education for professional social workers  Bachelor’s degree (BSW)  Master’s degree (MSW)  Doctoral degree (DSW)

20. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 20 Social Care Providers  Most social workers specialize in one area of practice.  Child welfare  Family counseling  Corrections  Aging  Medical  Psychiatric care

21. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 21 Areas of Specialization for Social Workers

22. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 22 Social Care Providers  Funeral directors  Remove the deceased  Prepare the remains  Help to arrange services  Most funeral directors are also licensed embalmers.  Training requirements  All states, except Colorado, require licensure.  Most funeral directors complete an associate’s degree.

23. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 23 Social Care Providers  Counselor  Works in a variety of settings Schools Schools Rehabilitation agencies Rehabilitation agencies Mental health or correctional facilities Mental health or correctional facilities Colleges Colleges  Specializes in Marriage Marriage Family Family Career selection Career selection Grief Grief  Education Positions usually require a master’s degree Positions usually require a master’s degree Internship is needed for certification or licensure Internship is needed for certification or licensure

24. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 24 Social Care Providers  Vocational and rehabilitation counselor  Assists disabled individuals and students to Identify career opportunities Identify career opportunities Learn a trade Learn a trade  Helps disabled individual find employment  Education Bachelor’s degree (entry-level) Bachelor’s degree (entry-level) Master’s may be required Master’s may be required

25. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 25 Social Care Providers  Substance abuse counselor  Specializes in treatment of drug or substance abuse  Duties include Providing help for the abusers Providing help for the abusers Implementing preventative programs Implementing preventative programs  Education or training as Psychologists Psychologists Nurses Nurses Social workers Social workers Counselors Counselors

26. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 26 Commonly Abused Chemicals

27. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 27 Social Care Providers  Child life specialist  Focuses on the emotional and developmental needs of children by using the following to reduce the stress of illness and improve the child’s understanding of health care treatments Play therapy Play therapy Activities Activities Communication Communication  Education Bachelor’s degree in related fields Bachelor’s degree in related fields Supervised field training Supervised field training

28. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 28 Social Care Providers  Social and human service assistant  One of the fastest growing occupations between 2000 and 2010  Job duties depend on type of employment. Social work assistant Social work assistant Care management aide Care management aide Community outreach worker Community outreach worker  May give care directly or indirectly  Education or training No specific requirements No specific requirements

29. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 29 Substance Abuse  Drug dependence or addiction  Psychological dependence  Physical dependence  Withdrawal  Hallucination  Person may develop tolerance to the substance  Person abuses drugs for many reasons: Desire to experience new sensations Desire to experience new sensations Relaxation Relaxation Gain acceptance Gain acceptance Escape boredom Escape boredom

30. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 30 Warning Signs of Inhalant Abuse

31. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 31 Substance Abuse  Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance in the United States and a major medical problem.  Treatment of alcoholism Detoxification Detoxification Therapy to prevent drinking Therapy to prevent drinking  Treatment of symptoms is the first step, followed by treatment of mental disorders. Medication may be used to control mood and behavior. Medication may be used to control mood and behavior.

32. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 32 Public Health Resources  State services  Immunization  Sanitation  Animal control  Vital statistics  Public health nursing services  Referral services  Air and water pollution control  Vector control  Food and drug control  Community-sponsored blood testing

33. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 33 Federal Health Agencies  Collect data and distribute demographic health statistics  Support local and state agencies  Organize and support disaster relief programs

34. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 34 Federal Health Agencies  Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) is the main organization for public health at the federal government level.  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  Provides programs that prevent and control communicable, vector-borne, and chronic illnesses  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)  Regulates foods, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics  National Institutes of Health (NIH)  Deals with research in determining the cause, treatment, and methods of prevention of diseases

35. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 35 Performance Instruction  Licensed personnel perform most of the duties because of the legal and privacy rights of people seeking care.  Entry-level worker provides assistance under the supervision of licensed personnel.

36. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 36 Summary  The functions of the community and social health care team are to prevent illness and provide care for a population.  The roles of community and social health care workers are to search for the origin of disease and regulate potential sources of illness and injury.

37. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 37 Summary  Services provided by community health care agencies include providing food, counselling, screening, examination, testing, and placement.  The difference between physical and psychological drug dependency is that physical dependence results from the body needing a substance, whereas psychological dependence is a state of mind.

38. Copyright © 2012, 2007, 2003, 1997, 1991 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 38 Summary  Signs and symptoms of withdrawal from an addictive substance include nervousness, trembling, sweating, cramps, and hallucination.