1. Turkish Nationalism

2. Mustafa Kemal (aka Ataturk) War hero from WWI Wanted to unite Turks and get rid of Western domination Overthrew the sultan Defeated Western occupation forces Declared Turkey a republic

3. Ataturk’s Changes Modernization and Westernization Islamic law replaced by code of law based on European system Muslim calendar was replaced with western calendar People required to wear western dress State schools set up—Latin alphabet used

4. Women no longer had to were veils and could vote Industrialization – Build roads, railroads, and factories to compete with western Europe Some Turkish Muslims rejected this secular movement as a betrayal of Islam Conflict over this still today