1. Organic Chemistry The magic of the carbon atom

2. Organic Chemistry Objectives Bonding of the carbon atom

3. Organic Chemistry Objectives Bonding of the carbon atom Chemical vs Structural Formulas

4. Organic Chemistry Objectives Bonding of the carbon atom Chemical vs Structural Formulas Structural Isomers

5. Organic Chemistry Objectives Bonding of the carbon atom Chemical vs Structural Formulas Structural Isomers Naming Organic Compounds

6. Organic Chemistry Chemistry has two major branches: Inorganic Chemistry

7. Organic Chemistry Chemistry has two major branches: Inorganic Organic Chemistry

8. Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry deals with the chemistry of the carbon atom. What is so special about the carbon atom?

9. Organic Chemistry The carbon atom has 4 valence electrons These are spread evenly around the carbon atom... C..

10. Organic Chemistry The shape of the carbon atom is called a tetrahedron. The bond angle is 109.5 o

11. Organic Chemistry This means that there are 4 electrons available to form 4 covalent bonds. Remember Carbon and Covalent both begin with the letter C!

12. Organic Chemistry Carbon can form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms or with hydrogen.

13. Organic Chemistry This is methane. The simplest organic molecule.

14. Organic Chemistry This is methane. The most simple organic molecule. Its formula is CH 4.

15. Organic Chemistry This is ethane. Its formula is C 2 H 6. It is written also as CH 3 CH 3

16. Organic Chemistry Carbon can form an infinite variety of compounds. Carbon atoms can have double and triple covalent bonds.

17. Organic Chemistry Carbon can form an infinite variety of compounds. Carbon atoms can form ring structures This is cyclohexane

18. Organic Chemistry How do you make sense out of the possibilities?

19. Organic Chemistry How do you make sense out of the possibilities? 1. The name of the organic compound

20. Organic Chemistry How do you make sense out of the possibilities? 1. The name of the organic compound 2. Its structural formula Knowing one will allow the other to be found.

21. Organic Chemistry The name will give the number of carbons, number of covalent bonds and any functional groups.

22. Organic Chemistry The name will give the number of carbons, number of covalent bonds and any functional groups. The structural formula will tell the arrangement of the atoms.

23. Organic Chemistry Recall that there are three types of formulas: Empirical formula which only give the ratio of elements in a compound

24. Organic Chemistry Recall that there are three types of formulas: Empirical formula which only give the ratio of elements in a compound Chemical or Molecular formula which gives the molar quantities of elements in a compound

25. Organic Chemistry Recall that there are three types of formulas: Empirical formula which only give the ratio of elements in a compound Chemical or Molecular formula which gives the molar quantities of elements in a compound. Structural formula which gives the arrangement of the elements in a compound.

26. Organic Chemistry

27. Examine the following two molecules.

28. Organic Chemistry What are their molecular formulas?

29. Organic Chemistry Both are C 4 H 10

30. Organic Chemistry These are examples of structural isomers. Same molecular formula but arranged differently.

31. Organic Chemistry Do these have the same physical and chemical properties?

32. Organic Chemistry The more carbon atoms in the formula, the greater the number of isomers.