1. Introduction to the Civil War Pgs. 356-362

2. Confederate forces opened fire on Fort Sumter at 4:30 a.m. on April 12, 1861 Confederates bombarded the fort for 34 hours before federal troops finally surrendered

3. Lincoln calls for the states to provide 75,000 soldiers to put down the uprising Recruits were to serve for just 3 months Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia joined the Confederacy Confederates named Richmond, Virginia as their capital

4. Four slave states (Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri) remained within the Union Lincoln secured Maryland with federal troops to keep it in the Union Northwestern counties of Virginia set up their own state government and were admitted to the Union as West Virginia in 1863

5. ResourcesNorthSouth Total Population 22,000,0009,000,000 (Includes 3,500,000 slaves) Bank Deposits $189,000,000$47,000,000 Railroad Mileage 20,000 miles 9,000 miles Number of Factories 100,50020,600

6. Confederacy only had to fight a defensive war South had excellent military leadership

7. Union had more than 527,000 soldiers by the end of 1861 The Confederacy has slightly more than 258,000 Most soldiers were between the ages of 18 and 29 (the youngest known death in the war was a 12- year-old)

8. Lincoln ordered General Irvin McDowell and some 35,000 barely trained troops to Richmond, Virginia in mid-July 1861 Some 35,000 Confederates met the Union troops near Manassas Junction

9. General Joseph E. Johnston led the Confederates Battle went in the Union’s favor at first Confederate Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson stopped the Union assault

10. Jackson’s troops started using what became known as the “rebel yell” Union troops retreat but southern troops are too disorganized to pursue

11. Bull Run caused most people to realize the war would last longer than a few months Lincoln named George B. McClellan to head the Union forces