1. Reading Logs  Monday: What are the 4 major components of blood and their functions? Pg. 340-347  Tuesday: What is hematopoiesis and what triggers it? Pg 347-348 PROGRESS REPORTS WILL BE FINALIZED THURSDAY! CHECK YOUR GRADES

2. HEMATOLOGY * STUDY OF BLOOD & ITS DISORDERS http://www.fazaclo.com/Images/red_white_blood_cells.jpg

3. FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD 1. Transportation: a. gases (O 2, CO 2 ) b. nutrients(glucose) c. wastes (ammonia) 1. Regulation: a. pH b. body temp 2. Protection: a. clotting (platelets) b. defense (WBC)

4. Physical Characteristics of Blood 1. Color: scarlet red (O2 )  dull red (O2 ) 2. pH: 7.35–7.45 3. Blood volume: ~ 5 liters 4. Connective Tissue

5. Composition of Blood Figure 10.1 (1 of 2) 1. Most abundant solutes in plasma 2. Produced by the LIVER (except antibodies) PLASMA = Liquid part (55%) (90%) (7%)

6. Figure 10.1 (2 of 2) Composition of Blood (II) 1. “Leukocytes” = White blood cells (WBCs) 2. “Thrombocytes” --Platelets 3. “Erythrocytes” = Red blood cells (RBCs) => 45% FORMED ELEMENTS (45%) Buffy coat < 1 %

7. Photomicrograph of a Blood Smear Figure 10.2

8. RBC STRUCTURE 1. SPERICAL or BI-CONCAVE DISK 2. ANUCLEATED (NO NUCLEUS) 3. LACK MITOCHONDRIA ! 4. Hemoglobin- transport O2 and CO2

9. Figure 10.4 Hematopoiesis = blood cell formation Red Bone Marrow (myeloid tissue): 1. sternum 2. ribs 3. pelvis 4. ends of humerus & femur Lymph Nodes & Thymus

10. Control of Erythrocyte Production  Rate controlled by a hormone = ERYTHROPOIETIN  KIDNEYS produce erythropoietin as a response to reduced oxygen levels in the blood Reduced O 2 levels in blood Stimulus: Decreased RBC count, decreased availability of O 2 to blood, or increased tissue demands for O 2 Increased O 2 - carrying ability of blood Erythropoietin stimulates Kidney releases erythropoietin Enhanced erythropoiesis Red bone marrow More RBCs Normal blood oxygen levels Imbalance Figure 10.5