1. Spanish Settlements How Texas’ first settlements were established

2. General Spanish colonizing concepts Spread Spanish culture.... Language names Lifestyle and culture Religion government...by replacing local culture Spanish only Christian names Spanish style settlements and activities Catholicism only King and viceroy “chain of command”

3. Types of settlement Missiones (Missions) Presidios (Forts) Pueblos (Villages)

4. Priests brought Spanish culture to the Indians with...

5. missions A self-sufficient community of : converted, Hispanicized Indians... living around a Catholic church... working together to provide all necessary foods and products.

6. missions Church built first Other buildings built over time Planted crop fields Raised animal herds Learned language, math, religion Ranching began here Indians “had to” stay

7. A view inside a larger mission church Animal penCrops for fathers convent apartments Father's apartments gate

8. Pueblos Spanish for villages Civilian settlements Often grew around a Presidio (fort) Or on a major road-El Camino Real, etc. Run by an Alcalde (mayor) and the... Ayuntamiento (elected city council)‏

9. Presidios (Spanish for Forts)‏ Protected missions Military settlements Soldiers are settlers/farmers Family lives there too Raised own food Underpaid under equipped Far from Mexico's help

10. A view inside a presidio

11. For the system to work Missions had to Presidios had to Indians had to generate enough food and products provide enough protection settle at missions

12. Success and failure In reality,several factors contributed to the general failure of the Spanish colonial system

13. Basic factors Not enough Soldiers Money Settlers Friendly Indians Too many Harsh conditions Hostile Indians Miles between settlements

14. closure Cost lack of government support led to Spain closing many missions during the 1700’s