1. CHAPTER 24 The Great Depression 1927 – 1933 “... the one supreme objective for the future in one word: Security... means not only physical security which provides safety from attacks by aggressors... [includes] economic security, social security.... essential to peace is a decent standard of living for all individual men and women and children in all nations. Freedom from fear is eternally linked with freedom from want.” Franklin D. Roosevelt

2. Election of 1928 ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

3. Election of 1932 ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

4. Chapter Review Describe the presidential election of 1928, and briefly outline the strengths and weaknesses of candidates Herbert Hoover and Al Smith. Provide some of the reasons for the stock market crash of 1929. Explain the onset of the Great Depression and explain some of Hoover’s efforts to fight it. Briefly describe the effects of the worldwide depression in the 1930s on American foreign policy. Explain in general terms why the Democratic party was successful in capturing the presidency in 1932.

5. Identifications Franklin D. Roosevelt Al Smith [defeated by Hoover in 1928] Stock market crash of 1929 Black Thursday Hoovervilles Good Neighbor Policy Brain Trust [“Red” Rexford Tugwell] [new Constitution Bonus Army Scottsboro Boys Twentieth Amendment

6. I. The Election of 1928 Herbert Hoover campaigns as self-made man Alfred Smith loses, mostly because of his Catholicism and anti-Prohibition stance Hoover wins landslide victory, in part due to prosperity of country

7. II. The Stock Market Crash of 1929 Crash of October 1929 shocks Americans and creates financial crisis Crash has several causes, including “margin” trading and lack of government control More Americans have been investing, often without knowledge, and many are hurt

8. III. The Great Depression Problems include unequal distribution of wealth, poor agriculture, and European loans With no government programs in place, Congress attempts a few things but has little success Depression becomes worldwide

9. IV.Hoover’s Programs to Fight the Depression Unemployed face discrimination and farmers become desperate Homelessness and dissatisfaction with government increase Movies and music offer small amount of comfort

10. Mexican Population in the United States, 1930

11. V. A Darkening World League of Nations appears helpless when Japan invades Manchuria Americans seem not to notice as Hitler and Mussolini become more menacing in Europe

12. Japanese Invasion of Manchuria ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

13. VI. A Political Opportunity for the Democrats Democrats see their chance as economy slides, and Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes their presidential candidate FDR pledges “new deal” for Americans, and Hoover’s chances dim further after the Bonus March FDR defeats Hoover, but America looks forward to inauguration day with little sense of rejoicing