1. Ontology Summit 2016: Launch Framing the Conversation: Ontologies within Semantic Interoperability Ecosystems Donna Fritzsche and Michael Grüninger February 11, 2016

2. Ontology Summit 2016:Today’s Agenda Welcome & Introduction Track Introduction Ontology Symposium 2016: Overview and Vision Open Discussion  General Q&A  Discuss what the community hopes to achieve in this Summit Conclusion / Follow-up / Next Session Ontology Summit 20162February 11, 2016

3. Ontology Summit 2016 In today’s digital information environment, interoperability is a ubiquitous requirement. Businesses and Organizations seek to create optimal experiences, reduce operational overhead and costs, and drive future innovations utilizing:  the Internet of Things  the Smart Grid  Intelligent Agents  Large-scale Data Mining Both syntactic and semantic interoperability among systems and applications are necessary. In practice, however, Semantic Interoperability (SI) is difficult to achieve, and in some cases not even recognized as a problem. Summit Theme Framing the Conversation: Ontologies within Semantic Interoperability Ecosystems Ontology Summit 20163February 11, 2016

4. Ontology Summit 2016 Goals Over the course of the next 3 months we will present a series of talks from different domains. Our goals are to: 1.Explore the techniques that teams are using to achieve semantic integration and interoperability 2.Articulate the frameworks which support semantic integration and interoperability 3.Identify the role that ontologies play in these frameworks 4.Create a set of discussion points to better characterize this role Ontology Summit 20164February 11, 2016

5. Ontology Summit 2016 Process 1.Present a series of virtual talks highlighting projects from different domains 2.Examine, question and extend past summit findings including but not limited to communiqués addressing: The Role of Upper Ontologies (2006) Ontology-based Standards (2009) Ontology Evaluation across the Ontology Lifecycle (2013) The Internet of Things: Toward Smart Networked Systems and Societies (2015) 3.Abstract a conversational toolkit from the sessions, supported with examples from the sessions 4.Capture the results in the form of a 2016 Summit Communiqué, with expanded supporting material provided on the web 5.Expand on the summit theme at the in-person Symposium Ontology Summit 20165February 11, 2016

6. Semantic Interoperability & Integration In practice, interoperability is difficult to achieve, since each of these applications utilizes information in a different way, and the knowledge representation formalisms inherent to these applications are also different. In particular, existing approaches to interoperability lack an adequate specification of the semantics of the terminology used by the systems, which leads to inconsistent interpretations and uses of knowledge. Ontology Summit 20166February 11, 2016

7. Relationship to Earlier Ontology Summits Upper Ontologies (2006) Agreement on upper level ontologies would facilitate semantic interoperability (SI) among other ontologies. In turn, the benefit would be "to enable a large degree of compatibility and interoperability for the many projects developing knowledge bases that include the most common mid-level concepts". Making the Case for Ontologies (2011) Ontology Usage Framework was Introduced. See the following two slides. Ontology Summit 20167February 11, 2016

8. Semantic Integration Making the Case for Ontologies (2011): Ontology Usage Framework Information Integration Multiple information resources are combined using ontologies to match concepts with similar meaning Examples: web service composition, mashups, information aggregation, data fusion, linked data Database Integration Queries that require multiple databases are specified using common ontologies and data schema are matched using these ontologies Examples: applications of biomedical ontologies Ontology Summit 20168February 11, 2016

9. Semantic Integration Making the Case for Ontologies (2011): Ontology Usage Framework Software Interoperability Software systems exchange sentences that are written using ontologies. Each software software uses an ontology (either its own or a set of shared ontologies) to translate the exchanged sentences. Software Access Using ontologies to detach the user vocabulary from the application vocabulary. Ontologies provide a uniform conceptual interface to multiple software applications. Ontology Summit 20169February 11, 2016

10. Content Tracks A. Framing the Conversation Champions: Donna Fritzsche, Todd Schneider B. Healthcare Champions: Ram D. Sriram, Leo Obrst C. Semantic Interoperability in the GeoSciences Champions: Gary Berg-Cross, Ken Baclawski D: Engineering and Manufacturing Champion: Mark Underwood E: Finance and Retail Champion: Mike Bennett Ontology Summit 201610February 11, 2016

11. Schedule of Summit Events February 18: Framing the Conversation February 25: GeoSciences March 3: Cloud Services March 10: Healthcare March 17: Engineering March 24: Finance March 31: GeoSciences April 7: Healthcare April 14: Synthesis April 21: Finance & Retail April 28: Communiqué discussion May 9-10: Symposium Ontology Summit 201611February 11, 2016

12. Discussion 1.What do we want to achieve for this Summit? 2.How do we characterize the roles of ontologies and ontological analysis when addressing semantic interoperability and integration problems?  Are existing ontologies too lightweight to support semantic interoperability  Do we have the right ontologies?  Are we using them correctly? 3. What are the defining challenge problems? 4. What are the low-hanging fruit? Ontology Summit 201612February 11, 2016

13. Ontology Summit 2016 Team General Co-Chairs: Donna Fritzsche, Michael Grüninger Symposium Co-Chairs: Judith Gelernter, Ram D. Sriram Co-organizers: NCO-NITRD, NIST, NCOR, NCBO, IAOA Content Track and Support Team Champions Advisory Committee Co-Sponsors (who support this endeavor) Participants Ontology Summit 201613February 11, 2016

14. Ontology Summit 2016 Launch Framing the Conversation: Ontologies within Semantic Interoperability Ecosystems Framing the Conversation Panel Champions: Donna Fritzsche, Todd Schneider February 11, 2016

15. Framing the Conversation: Goal Our goal is to build a common framework which will facilitate discussions regarding the role of ontologies within semantic interoperability ecosystems. We will discuss the themes, models, processes, functionality, considerations and measures which shed light on or help to communicate the Semantic Interoperability Ecosystem to a broader audience. We will purposely focus on the role of ontologies within these frameworks. Examples will be used to illustrate our points. It is hoped that the results of this session will help to frame and target the discussion in the domain-specific tracks to follow in the coming weeks. Together with findings from previous summits, this framework will provide a foundation and help direct conversation. Ontology Summit 201615February 11, 2016

16. Framing the Conversation: Speakers February 18 Panel John Sowa (VivoMind Research) Krzysztof Janowicz (Geography Department, University of California, Santa Barbara) Lalit Patil (Ford Motor Company) Hans Polzer (Consultant) Ontology Summit 201616February 11, 2016