1. TRADE AND GRADE! 1. Study question/ note packets 2. RSG pgs 59-60, 67-70 Ensure you do not have your own paper For each correct note they took, grade using a check mark (√) Additional notes will not be graded (but are encouraged!)

2. Study Question/ Note Packet Total-/163

3. Study Questions (/33)

4. 9/2/2014 √ 1. Describe “natural rights,” and give an example of someone (an enlightened thinker) who believed in them. – √ The rights to life, liberty, and property (or the pursuit of happiness) – √ John Locke √ 2. Voltaire had a very famous quote (in regards to natural rights), what was it? (pg. 196) – √ “I do not agree with a word you say but will defend to the death your right to say it.” √ 3. What type of government did Oliver Cromwell establish after taking power in England? (pg. 181) – √ A republican form of government ~or~ a commonwealth √ 4. How does a constitutional monarchy differ from an absolute monarchy? (pg. 183) – √ The laws limit the ruler’s power

5. 9/3/2014 √ 1. Write the terms and names on page 183. Define them. – √ Charles I- the king of England after James I; he was at war with Spain and France quite often – √ English Civil War- a war between the Cavaliers and the Roundheads (both English citizens) – √ Oliver Cromwell- a general that helped the Roundheads (Puritans) win the English Civil War – √ Restortation- the period when King Charles II restored the monarchy – √ habeus corpus- an important guarantee of freedom, meaning “to have the body” – √ Glorius Revolution- the bloodless overthrow of King James II – √ constitutional monarchy- a system of government where the laws limit the ruler’s power – √ cabinet- a group of government ministers, or officials √ 2. Why was the death of Charles I revolutionary? – √ It was the first time a monarch had been tried and executed publicly √ 3. What rights were guaranteed by the Habeus Corpus Act? – √ Every prisoner had the right to obtain a document ordering that the he/she be brought in front of a judge to specify the charges

6. 9/4/2014 √ Locate the terms and names (pgs 206), write each term/ name, and find the definition (hint: pages 206- 211) – √ Declaration of Independence- a document reflecting the ideas of natural rights – √ Thomas Jefferson- the political leader who wrote the Declaration of Independence – √ checks and balances- a system of government with three branches that keep each other in check – √ federal system- a system of govenrment diving power between the national and state governements – √ Bill of Rights- 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution that protected basic freedoms

7. 9/5/2014 √ Name 4 reasons why the colonists were successful in the American Revolution – √ 1. American motivation – √ 2. British generals were over confident – √ 3. French join the fight – √ 4. Fighting an overseas battle was expensinve for the British

8. Note Packet Total-/ 130

9. Parliament Limits the English Monarchy /77 Tuesday/ Wednesday(9/4/14)

10. √ MAIN IDEA (Revolution): Absolute rulers in England were overthrown, and Parliament gained power √ WHY IT MATTERS NOW: Many of the government reforms of this period contributed to the democratic tradition of the U.S.

11. √ Setting the Stage √ Queen Elizabeth √ Fought w/ Parliament over money √ Spent too much √ Dies 1603 and leaves huge debt, no kids √ King James I of Scotland becomes King

12. √ Monarchs Defy Parliament √ King James I √ Inherits Queen Elizabeth’s debt √ Adopts new translation of the Bible, King James Bible √ Offends Puritans in Parliament √ by not purifying the English church of Catholic rituals

13. √ King Charles I √ Son of James I √ Constantly at war √ Dissolves Parliament √ 1628 Petition of Right √ Forced to sign by Parliament √ Established the idea that LAW was higher than the king √ 1629 Parliament dissolved √ Charles I finances wars by taxing his people √ Popularity plummets.

14. √ Scottish upset with Charles I and prepare to invade England. √ Forces Charles to turn to Parliament for $$. √ Parliament passes law to limit King’s power √ Charles I tries to arrest members of parliament, escape √ Scottish upset with Charles I and prepare to invade England.

15. √ English Civil War 1642-1649 Royalist (Cavaliers) vs. Roundheads √ Royalists: √ Support King Charles I √ Roundheads √ Puritan supporters of Parliament √ 1645 Oliver Cromwell takes over Army. √ 1647 Roundheads capture King √ Tried and found guilty of treason, beheaded

16. √ Cromwell’s Rule 1649-1658 √ Abolishes monarchy and the House of Lords √ Establishes commonwealth but abandons for a military dictatorship. √ Leads Puritan reform of society. √ Abolish immoral acts √ Favored religious toleration for all Christians except Catholics. √ 1649 English conquer Catholic Ireland

17. √ Restoration √ Cromwell dies 1658 √ Parliament reestablished √ Ask Charles II (Son of Charles I) to rule. √ Known as Restoration because Monarchy is restored √ Habeas Corpus: √ If arrested had the right to seek judgment of guilt. √ Set free if found not guilty √ **Took away King’s ability to imprison subjects without reason.**

18. √ Glorious Revolution 1688 √ Charles II dies √ No legitimate children √ His brother James II (Catholic), next in line √ King James II √ Catholic, Church of England is Protestant √ Appoints several Catholics to high office √ Parliament protests, James II dissolves it. √ Wife gives birth to a son √ Catholic + Catholic = another Catholic King.

19. √ Two groups are born in Parliament √ Whigs: √ Parliament members who oppose King √ Tories: √ Parliament members who supported King √ Whigs invite Mary (Protestant daughter of James II) and husband William to overthrow King and for the sake of Protestantism. √ William leads army to London in 1688, James flees to France √ Also known as Bloodless Revolution.

20. √ Limits of Monarchy √ Parliament establishes a constitutional monarchy: √ Laws limit powers of the monarch √ English Bill of Rights √ Cabinet System 1688 √ Govt. officials who settled disputes between King and Parliament.

21. The American Revolution /53 Thursday (9/4/14)

22. √ SETTING THE STAGE √ Inspired by Enlightenment ideas British colonist √ Felt that the king was tyrannical √ Ready to overthrow the mightiest power on earth and create a new nation

23. √ Britain and Its American Colonies √ Pre 1651- Economics pushed by trade with ALL European nations √ Each of the 13 colonies had its own govt. √ People were used to high level of independence in most colonies

24. √ (1651) Navigation Acts √ Colonists can not sell products to any country other than England √ Had to pay high taxes on non-English goods. √ Overtime, agitates colonists

25. √ 1765 Stamp Act √ All printed goods (wills, newspapers, etc.) taxed √ taxation without representation

26. √ Growing Hostility Leads to War √ Colonists rebel against a tyrannical govt. that broke the social contract √ April 1775 Lexington, Massachusetts √ American militia and British Army exchange fire

27. √ (1776) Declaration of Independence √ Written by Thomas Jefferson √ Based on ideas of Locke’s (Natural Rights) and the Enlightenment √ Unalienable rights- the govt. can not take away

28. √ Success for the Colonists √ 4 Reason’s for colonists victory √ American motivation √ British Generals overconfident √ French join the fight √ Fighting an overseas battle was expensive for the British

29. √ 1781 Articles of Confederation – √ Establishes a Republic √ Each state had one vote in Congress √ 9 of 13 States needed to ratify law. √ Congress powers: 1.√ Declare war 2.√ Create treaties 3.√ Coin Money

30. – √ Create Federal System √ Power divided between States and Federal Govt. 1.√ Representative Govt.: citizens elect reps to make laws for them.? 2.√ Federal System: powers of govt. are divided between central govt. and states. 3.√ Separation of Powers: Govt. power divided √ Checks and Balances: prevents any branch from having too much power over any other branch

31. √ James Madison √ Known as the “father” of the constitution. √ Designed the 3 branches of govt. and checks and balances. √ The Bill of Rights – √ 1 st 10 amendments of the Constitution √ Protect individual freedoms of citizens from the govt. √ Put Enlightenment ideas into practice

32. √ The Bill of Rights √ 1. Freedom of press, religion, speech √ 2. Right to bear arms

33. RSG pgs 59-60, 67-70 /30

34. Grading Rubric Grade the short answer questions as such: – 3 pts- correct answer, complete sentence, in their own words, highlighted answer – 2 pts- correct answer, complete sentence, copied “verbatim” from the text, highlighted answer – 1 pt- correct answer, incomplete sentence (single word answers), highlighted answer * Remember, if the student did not highlight the answer, the highest they can score is 1 point * Ensure that you are grading fairly and honestly. Academic dishonesty will result in a “0” and the necessary disciplinary procedures.

35. Parliament Limits the English Monarchy 1. Charles I dissolved Parliament and went directly against the Petition of Right 2. Charles I was executed, and Puritan leader Oliver Cromwell assumed power. 3. The Glorious Revolution took place to remove the Catholic king (James II). William and Mary took over. 4. The development of the constitutional monarchy, the Bill of Rights, and the establishment of a cabinet all gave Parliament more power.

36. Section 3: The Enlightenment Spreads 1. Salons were important because artists and thinkers met there and exchanged ideas. 2. Possible response: The neoclassical style appeared in art; new forms developed in music; and the novel became popular in literature. 3. Frederick the Great was typical of enlightened despots because he made some changes that helped people, but he did not end sefdom.

37. Section 4: The American Revolution 1. The colonists thought of themselves less and less as British subjects, yet they were subjects, and Britain tried to control them. 2. Possible response: The revolution began with taxes and boycotts; it continued with shooting, the formation of an army, and the issuance of the Declaration of Independence. 3. The Constitution divides power between the three branches of government and also between the states and the federal government.