1. A Wave of Hope with Nanotechnology The developments for Tsunami warning systems with nanotechnology By Sara Jupp Student Number 10174835 SCI1125 – Professional Science Essentials

2. Nanotechnology “the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale”, (CRN, 2008). Has a significant impact on a wide range of industries all over the world Medical Environmental Electronics Cosmetic (Clip Art, 2013)

3. Tsunamis Caused by seafloor movement Underwater fault slippage Underwater avalanche Underwater volcanic eruption Occur infrequently Can measure from as low as an inch to as high as a mile, depending on the geological event Cause large amounts of destruction and flood coastal areas Significant tsunami event: 2004 Boxing Day Tsunami on the Sunda Trench Fault slippage which causes a tsunami, (Valdes, Halabrin, & Lamb, 2013)

4. Trouble with Technology Previously been using coastal tide gauges and the seismic network to warn of tsunamis Resulted in false alarms 75% false-alarm rate since the 1950s Expensive and puts citizens at risk Honolulu evacuation on May 7, 1986 $30 million in lost salaries and business revenues Tsunami warning sign. (2004). Retrieved from the East Tennesse Wildflowers Web site: http://www.easttennesseewildflower s.com/gallery/index.php/Alaska-trip- 2004/Copy_of_Tsunami_evacuation _sign

5. DART (Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami) First placed on north Pacific seafloor in 1986 Two components Pressure sensor anchored to sea floor and the surface bouy Measures changes in water level within a mm DART II System components. (B.O.M., 2013)

6. Future Cheaper Provide more flexibility Extremely sensitive (Clip Art, 2013) Higher resolutions Achieve universal sensing

7. References What is Nanotechnology. (2008). Retrieved from the CRN Web site http:// crnano.org/whatis.htm Casey, S. (2010). The Wave. New York: DoubleDay Deep Ocean Tsunami Detection Bouys. (2013). Retrieved from the Bureau of Meteorology Web site: http://www.bom.gov.au/tsunami/about/detection_buoys.shtml http://www.bom.gov.au/tsunami/about/detection_buoys.shtml González, F. (1999). Tsunami!. Scientific American Journal. 44 – 55. Nanotechnology as an Enabler for Ocean Observatories. (2008). Retrieved from University of Washington Web site: https://depts.washington.edu/ntuf/about/docs/ Nano_OceanSci_Report.pdf Valdes, R., Halabrin, N., & Lamb, R. (2013). How Tsunamis Work. Retrieved from the Howstuffworks Web site:http://science.howstuffworks.com/nature/ natural-disasters/tsunami2.htm