1. UNIT 1 M ATTER D AY 7 S EPTEMBER 9, 2016 Matter and Its Properties Earth and Environmental Science

2. NO S CIENCE STARTER TODAY : **Take a few minutes to check your workbook homework using the keys on your table.

3. M ATTER Plan for today: 1. E.Q. 2. Return and review specific heat graphing activity/conclusion 3. Discussion/review chemical properties 4. Oobleck lab 5. Cleanup and wrap up

4. No new E.Q. today. Essential Question- How are physical and chemical properties and changes different?

5. Homework: Quiz next Weds. over phys. and chem. props. and change. STUDY!!!

6. Specific Heat Lab L ET ’ S DISCUSS YOUR FINDINGS ON THE WATER / SAND SPECIFIC HEAT GRAPH AND DRAW CONCLUSIONS ABOUT THE SPECIFIC HEAT OF WATER.

7. 10. Specific heat - How much energy it takes to increase the temperature of a substance 1ºC A.D. A high specific heat means it takes a LOT of energy/heat to change the temperature of the substance. A.D. Water has a high specific heat. Metals have low specific heat. High specific heat Low specific heat

8. Specific Heat Lab C ONCLUSION : _____________ HAD A HIGHER SPECIFIC HEAT THAN _______________ BECAUSE IT HEATED UP MORE SLOWLY ( TOOK LONGER TO ABSORB ENERGY - HEAT ) AND COOLED DOWN MORE SLOWLY ( WAS SLOWER TO RELEASE ENERGY - HEAT ).

9. O THER EXAMPLES OF SPECIFIC HEAT ???

10. E XAMPLES OF : O BSERVABLE P HYSICAL P ROPERTIES 11. Solubility: (More on the next 2 slides) The ability to dissolve in another substance. Ex: sugar dissolves in water; there are dissolved solids and gases in our bloodstream and tissues.

11. W HY DOES SOLUBILITY REALLY MATTER IN THE REAL WORLD ? A.D. Medicines are soluble. They move through our bloodstream and into our cells.

12. W HY DOES SOLUBILITY REALLY MATTER IN THE REAL WORLD ? A.D. Gases such as oxygen are soluble. Oxygen is dissolved in oceans, rivers, lakes, etc. Why is this important?

13. W HY DOES SOLUBILITY REALLY MATTER IN THE REAL WORLD ? Landfills are filling up with trash. We have to find alternatives to materials that are not biodegradable. Demo lab with packing peanuts

14. Why are some objects less dense than other objects? As the molecules of a substance spread apart, the density of the substance is lowered.

15. W HAT CAUSES MOLECULES TO SPREAD ? Adding energy (usually in the form of heat) so the movement of the molecules increases.

16. Objects float in other substances because they are less dense than the substance they are floating in. Why does ice float in water? They are both the same substance, right?

17. Notice how tightly packed the atoms are in the liquid water vs the solid water? The spaces between the atoms make solid water less dense. Is this true for all solids? NO WAY!!! This is a unique quality of water. Most solids are always more dense than their liquid forms.

18. Water molecules in ice ( water’s solid form ) are further apart then they are in water (liquid form), giving ice a density less than 1. A NSWER : D ECREASE

19. DENSITY o When does an objects density change? o If heat is added or taken away!!!! o HEAT – spreads out molecules and makes them LESS dense o Take AWAY heat – molecules come together and makes them MORE dense. o Hot objects are less dense than cool objects!!!!

20. 14. Chemical Property D – Characteristics or properties of substances that allow them to change into new substances with different properties. AD - ability of matter to take part in a chemical reaction (combine with other matter to make something new and different) AD - Can only be observed when a substance is going through a chemical change.

21. T HERE ARE ONLY 2 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER, AND NOT ALL MATTER HAS THESE PROPERTIES.

22. 15. R EACTIVITY Def. -Ability of one form of matter to combine chemically with another to form a new substance. Ex. Iron rusts, copper patinas, silver tarnishes, baking soda reacts with vinegar to form CO 2 gas Iron + Oxygen = Rust Copper + Oxygen = Green Patina Silver + Oxygen= Tarnish ****Many substances react with oxygen to form new substances. This is called oxidation.

24. Another example of reactivity... A.D. - Glow stick How does a glow stick work? Inside a glow stick are two chemicals held in separate compartments (and a fluorescent dye). When you bend a glow stick until you hear it "crack", you have broken one of the compartments and the chemicals are mixing. The chemical reaction between the two chemicals results in the "glow". The dye gives it a specific color.

25. 16. F LAMMABILITY Def. Matter’s ability to burn. Ex. Wood has the chemical property of flammability BUT ash and smoke can’t burn so they have the property of non- flammability. Ex. Aerosols (hair spray, spray paint) are extremely flammable.

26. C HEMICAL P ROPERTIES OF M ATTER :E XAMPLES Ability to rust – undergoes and oxidation reaction between moisture and air Tarnish – To become dull or discolored Radioactivity – decay of elements into high energy particles Corrosion – Deterioration of metal by means of a chemical reaction