1. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator CACHE LEVEL 3 CHILDCARE & EDUCATION Unit 4 Child health © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

2. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator LO5 Understand childhood immunisation. AC 5.1 Explain reasons for immunisation. AC 5.2 Identify the immunisation schedule. AC 5.3 Discuss reasons why some children are not immunised. © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

3. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Immunising children provides resistance to specific diseases. Immunisation consists of a vaccination which contains a small part of the disease. The introduction of this to the body stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies to resist the specific disease. The more children who are immunised, the more of them will be protected and, ultimately, the disease may be eradicated. Smallpox vaccinations were stopped in 1979 when every country had eliminated it. It is hoped that polio will soon be eradicated – it is currently only active in three countries. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1] Reasons for immunisation © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

4. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Starter activity Time: 15 mins List all the vaccinations that you have had. List any contagious diseases that you have had. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

5. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Some diseases are still prevalent in different parts of the world. Although they may be on the decline or eradicated in one country, global travel now means that they could easily be reintroduced. Where coverage of the pertussis (whooping cough) vaccination was reduced, rates of the disease rose. Measles is still active, so reduction in the rate of immunisation could lead to an epidemic, as happened in Wales in 2013. Without vaccination, immunity to such diseases as polio could decline, which could also lead to an epidemic. Implications of not immunising a child LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

6. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Between the ages of 0–12 months babies receive the 5-in-1 vaccine against the following: Diptheria, tetanus, whooping cough (pertussis) polio and Hib. Hib is a bacterial infection which can cause meningitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, epiglottitis, septic arthritis and cellulitis. They also receive the pneumococcal, rotavirus and meningitis C vaccines. Between 12–13 months children receive the MMR vaccine – which covers measles, mumps and rubella. They also receive booster shots of previous immunisations. Between 2–3 years children receive a flu vaccination. Between 12–13 years girls receive the HPV vaccine which protects against cervical cancer. The immunisation schedule LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.2] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

7. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Some parents are concerned about the side effects that children may suffer after a vaccination. Many parents chose not to give their child the MMR vaccine (measles, mumps and rubella) when there was a suggestion that it was linked to autism. Some children are not vaccinated because of medical issues, while for other children vaccinations may not work. Reasons why some children are not immunised LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

8. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Independent research activity Time: 15 mins Find out about the immunisation schedule in more detail, to complement the information on slide 6. Research arguments for and against immunisation in preparation for a debate on the issue. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

9. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Group activity Time: 15 mins Class debate Motion: ‘All parents should immunise their children’ Your tutor will assign you to a group. You are going to debate the motion above. One group will argue in favour of the motion. One group will argue against the motion. Use your research from the last activity to inform your arguments. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

10. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Classroom discussion activity Time: 20 mins Prepare a presentation to give to a group of parents to explain the importance of immunisation, especially the MMR inoculation. Your presentation could include: posters leaflets PowerPoint presentation role play videos. As a group, decide what arguments you want to use and how you want to present them.Share the workload amongst pairs and allocate a task to each pair. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

11. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Pairs activity Time: 15 mins Work together to prepare your contribution to the presentation. Use previous research, but also consider how to present your arguments clearly and convincingly. Be prepared to give your presentation, as a class, to a group of parents. LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

12. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Reflection activity Time: 15 mins Consider the following scenario: A parent contacts the setting to let you know that her daughter has just been to the doctor and has been diagnosed with measles. You had noticed that she seemed listless when she was last in the setting (two days ago) and her forehead was hot. You had told the parent this when she came to collect her daughter and this prompted her to take her daughter to the doctor. What should you do now? LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

13. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator Extension activity Time: 15 mins Which three countries are still working to eradicate polio? What are the implications of this? What may be the reasons for their not having succeeded so far? LO5 Understand childhood immunisation [AC 5.1, 5.2, 5.3] © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

14. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator In this lesson we: Have learnt what a vaccination is and how it works. Have learnt about the implications of not immunising children. Have learnt why some children are not immunised. Have researched the immunisation schedule. Have debated the arguments for and against immunising children. Have prepared a presentation to encourage parents to have their child vaccinated against MMR (measles, mumps and rubella). © Hodder & Stoughton Limited

15. CACHE Level 3 Early Years Educator 1.Children in your setting are due to have the MMR vaccination. You have one child who has a fear of needles. How would you reassure him and ensure that he is vaccinated? 2.You have one child who has an allergic reaction after a vaccination, she comes out in a rash that starts to spread and cause irritation. What do you do? © Hodder & Stoughton Limited