1. Using a variety of sentences How to expand a simple sentence.

2. Let’s review the Simple Sentence! Remember: A sentence is a complete thought. A simple sentence is an independent clause. (IC)

3. What does a Simple Sentence contain? A simple sentence has one complete thought. It can have 1 subject+1verbThe cat ran. 2 subjects+1 verb The cat and dog ran. 1 subject+2 verbs The cat ran and hid. Create one with 2 verbs: ________________________________

4. If you only used simple sentences to write with, what would this paragraph sound like? Read this out loud: Bob arrived at school, tired. Bob went to class. He worked hard on his assignment. He compared answers with his partner. The bell rang. Bob rushed and handed in his paper. He hoped it was correct. How would you solve this boring tone. List 3 ways:

5. Solutions to short, choppy sentences: 1. Expand your simple sentence by using descriptive phrases. Combine ideas by using FANBOYS conjunctions for two independent clauses. IC +, FANBOYS or ; + IC Combine ideas by attaching subordinate conjunctions to introduce dependent clauses. DC, + IC or IC + DC

6. A simple sentence may be lengthy with description. Running down the field, jumping for the ball, Bob was attacked by two husky linesmen, preventing him from catching the ball. Underline the subject once and the verb twice. Phrases are used to describe. Circle the phrases that describe. Draw a picture of this from your mind.

7. What is a phrase? A phrase is a group of words inserted in that do not contain subj+verb. Fluffy, a loving cat, crawled onto her lap. Huffing and puffing, the train chugged up the mountain. Tired and injured, Bob collapsed. The hamster wanted to run. On the shelf, stood the beautiful bowl.

8. Some phrases can be created by using Verbals. They are called “Verbals” because they are created from the base of a verb. -huff huffing (adj.) (The huffing boy was out of breath.) -love (adv.) (He stared lovingly at his pet.) -tire (adj.) (Tired, Joe slept.) -run (n.) (Running is a sport.) (We can call them “-ing or -ed verbs” that end up acting as nouns, adj, and adverbs. They describe well.) Infinitives=to jump (His goal is to jump high.)

9. Write a sentence using a verbal phrase to vary sound. The man quivered with fear. He hid in the shadows. Ex: Quivering with fear, the man hid in the shadows. Yours: ___________________________

10. Combine these basic sentences using your knowledge of verbal phrases. 1. Bella had studied many hours. She intended to obtain high marks. _________________________ 2. Alice cringed. She expected to be hit by the ball. ________________________ 3. Bob endured the long, hot ride. He listened to his IPOD music. ____________________________

11. Add variety with the use of a dependent and independent clause. (DC) While Jack climbed the hill, (IC) Jill fell down. DC) Although both Sparta and Athens used slaves, (IC) only Sparta allowed slaves to buy their freedom. Yours _________________________ ____________________________ Note: Refer to the list of Subordinate Conjunctions.

12. These coordinating conjunctions connect two independent clauses. For And Nor But Or Yet So

13. Subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce dependent clauses. afterbeforeso that when who althoughhowthat whether whom asifuntil which whose becausesincewhat while why (Although he smoked), he ran five miles a day and he walked an extra mile. (subordinate clause) + 2 Independent clauses= Complex-compound sentence