1. Chapter 23 Infectious Diseases

2. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.2 Chapter Objectives 1.Define infectious disease 2.Explain why most infectious diseases are not as dangerous as they once were 3.State the causes of infectious diseases 4.Describe the chain of infection 5.Discuss ways of preventing infectious diseases (continues)

3. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.3 Chapter Objectives (continued) 6.Describe the five stages of disease 7.List the most common infectious diseases in adolescents, their causes, and specific ways to prevent them 8.Explain the meaning of bioterrorism

4. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.4 Introduction Infectious diseases are caused by microscopic living organisms that invade the body’s tissues and then multiply The resulting diseases range from very mild to fatal Many infectious diseases can be prevented with simple self-care techniques

5. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.5 Causes of Infectious Diseases Viruses Bacteria Fungi Protozoa Multicellular parasites

6. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.6 The Chain of Infection 1.Infectious agent 2.Reservoir host 3.Portal of exit 4.Mode of transmission 5.Portal of entry 6.Susceptible host

7. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.7 The Chain of Infection

8. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.8 Prevention Understanding the chain of infection Breaking the chain of infection Immunizations

9. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.9 Stages of Disease 1. Infection 2. Incubation stage 3. Prodromal stage 4. Clinical or illness stage 5. Recovery stage

10. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.10 Major Infectious Diseases Common cold Influenza Food poisoning Mononucleosis Conjunctivitis Strep throat Tuberculosis Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

11. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.11 Bioterrorism Terrorism through the use of biological weapons Threat of bioterrorism is monitored by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Categories (A, B, C) developed to classify by potential threat –Example: Category A (most serious) includes anthrax and smallpox

12. © Copyright 2005 Delmar Learning, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc.12 Summary Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens The chain of infection illustrates the infection process and ways of prevention Frequent hand washing is the single most effective personal prevention method Immunizations are important means of controlling infectious diseases