1. Forensic Science As A Defense Against Eyewitness Testimony CROSS CRIME SCENE – DO NOT CROSS CRIME SCENE

2. Eyewitness Video

3. Eyewitnesses…Good thing or Bad thing?

4. Q. (By attorney cross-examining expert witness):When there is no eye-witness to an event, physical evidence takes on great importance, does it not? A. Not nearly as great as the importance it takes on when there is an eye witness. – Exchange at trial of Gayle et al. v City of New York et al., in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings, December, 1999, Index 15484/87.

5. Is Eyewitness Testimony Undependable? Let Me Count The Ways That It Is Demonstrably Undependable. Yet, It Continues To Be Given Great Evidentiary Weight In Fact, In The Absence Of Physical Evidence, Eyewitness Testimony RULES - False Accounts Of Accidents And Crimes Become Accepted Truths; Innocent People Are Imprisoned

6. Eyewitness Testimony Eyewitness misidentification is the single greatest cause of wrongful convictions nationwide, More than 75% of convictions overturned through DNA testing.

8. Things are not always this easy!

9. Mistaken Eyewitness Identification United States 1985 Composite sketch based on victim’s memory Innocent man wrongly convicted Actual rapist

12. What is? 1 + 5 2 + 4 3 + 3 Name a vegetable

17. Hi From Chicago!

18. CHE 113 18 Observational Error A B Which is True? A = B A > B A < B

19. CHE 113 19 Observational Error A B Which is True? A = B A > B A < B

20. CHE 113 20 THE ANSWER A B Which is True? A = B A > B A < B

21. Different Perceptions Cloud Shapes Ink Blots Do you feel that you’re being followed? Jesus’ Image UFOs Messages in Rock

22. 'God' and Angel in Photograph of Clouds Over Cape Coral, Florida http://www.huffingtonpost.com/fiona- finn/god-seen-in-photograph- of_b_5666269.html

24. What do we see in moon? USA=Man in Moon Samoans= woman weaving Chinese=monkey pounding rice East Indians=rabbit

28. What is written? Red Blue Red Green

29. What is written? Blue Yellow Red Green

30. What is written? Red Blue Green Red

31. What is written? Yellow Green Red Yellow

32. What do you see?

35. Poor Judgments What are the chances of 2 people at a party of 23 to have same birthday? 50:50 Have you thought of someone and then they phoned? Supernatural or Paranormal Beliefs

36. Minimize the Harm Done by Faulty Eyewitness Evidence: Take Care Not To Contaminate The Witness

37. Perceptual Problem Depth Perception: – Ba Mbuti Tribe thought distant buffalo was an insect

38. Perception Problem Low light conditions – Rookie chasing a perp – Making judgments – Perp pulls out something

39. Police officers sometimes shoot unarmed suspects in error. The majority, about 71%, occur at night under poor visibility conditions. In one common scenario, a suspect suddenly produces an object in his hand.

40. The officer, believing the object to be a weapon, fires at the suspect. The officer then approaches, only to see that "gun" was actually something as innocuous as a driver's license or wallet.

41. Perceptual Problem Power of Expectation

42. INTEGRITY OF THE VERDICT POST CONVICTION RELIEF http://www.innocenceproject.o rg/