1. LPI 2010 NLLGG Trainer: Jeroen van Pelt Bijeenkomst 3: Systeem opstarten en werken met filesystemen 13.3.2010

2.  Terugblik bijeenkomst 2  Opstarten van Linux  101.2 Boot the system  101.3 Change runlevels and shutdown/reboot system  102.1 Design harddisk layout  102.2 Install a bootmanager  Werken met bestandsystemen  104.3 Control (un)mounting of filesystems  104.6 Create and change hard and symbolic links  Afronding en huiswerk Agenda

3.  Candidates should be able to guide the system through the booting process.  Key Knowledge Areas:  Provide common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time.  Demonstrate knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS to boot completion.  Check boot events in the log files.  Boek: 18 LPI 101.2: Boot the system

4.  BIOS  bootloader  LILO  GRUB  kernel (+ initrd)  init (inittab)  bootscripts  System-V (SUSE, RedHat, CentOS)  BSD (Debian, Slackware)  shell Boot van een systeem

5.  Candidates should be able to select, install and configure a boot manager.  Key Knowledge Areas  Providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options.  Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB.  Interact with the boot loader.  Boek: 18.3.1-18.3.2 LPI 102.2: Install a boot manager

6.  BIOS  bootloader  LILO  GRUB  kernel (+ initrd -> linuxrc)  init (inittab)  bootscripts  System-V (SUSE, RedHat, CentOS)  BSD (Debian, Slackware)  shell Boot van een systeem

7. boot=/dev/hda read only prompt timeout=100 image=/boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/hda3 label=suse LILO

8. default=0 timeout=5 title CentOS (2.6.9-67.plus.c4xenU) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz ro root=/dev/sda4 initrd /initrd.img GRUB

9.  Candidates should be able to manage the runlevel of the system. This objective includes changing to single user mode, shutdown or rebooting the system. Candidates should be able to alert users before switching runlevel and properly terminate processes. This objective also includes setting the default runlevel.  Key Knowledge Areas  Set the default runlevel.  Change between run levels including single user mode.  Shutdown and reboot from the command line.  Alert users before switching runlevels or other major system event.  Properly terminate processes.  Boek: 18.5-18.6 LPI 101.3: Change runlevels and shutdown/reboot system

10.  BIOS  bootloader  LILO  GRUB  kernel (+ initrd -> linuxrc)  init (inittab)  bootscripts  System-V (SUSE, RedHat, CentOS)  BSD (Debian, Slackware)  shell Boot van een systeem

11. id:3:initdefault: si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0 l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1 l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2 l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3 l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4 l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5 l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6 init(tab) - 1

12. ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down" pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled" init(tab) - 2

13. co:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty xvc0 9600 vt100-nav 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6 init(tab) - 3

14.  BIOS  bootloader  LILO  GRUB  kernel (+ initrd -> linuxrc)  init (inittab)  bootscripts  System-V (SUSE, RedHat, CentOS)  BSD (Debian, Slackware)  shell Boot van een systeem

15.  /etc/inittab  /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit (of /etc/init.d/boot)  Essentiële services  /etc/rc.d/rc  /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/  /etc/init.d/  /etc/rc.d/rc.local Bootscripts

16.  chkconfig (System-V)  --list  --add  --del  --level Runlevels “bewerken”

17.  Candidates should be able to design a disk partitioning scheme for a Linux system.  Key Knowledge Areas  Allocate filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks.  Tailor the design to the intended use of the system.  Ensure the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting.  Boek: LPI 102.1: Design harddisk layout

18.  ext2  ext3  reiserfs  jfs  xfs  (v)fat  NTFS Filesystems

19.  / (root)  /boot  Relatief klein t.b.v. boot bestanden  /home  /usr  Swap space  mkswap  swapon/off  vmstat –n 1 Partities

20.  Candidates should be able to configure the mounting of a filesystem.  Key Knowledge Areas  Manually mount and unmount filesystems.  Configure filesystem mounting on bootup.  Configure user mountable removeable filesystems.  Boek: 3.1 - 18.7.1 LPI 104.3: Control (un)mounting of filesystems

21.  Normaal alleen als root  Unmount niet als device in gebruik is  mount  mount –a  mount /dev/hda /media/cdrom  Let op: user in /etc/fstab  umount device | directory mount

22. /etc/fstab

23.  Candidates should be able to create and manage hard and symbolic links to a file.  Key Knowledge Areas  Create links.  Identify hard and/or softlinks.  Copying versus linking files.  Use links to support system administration tasks.  Boek: 3.6 LPI 104.6: Create and change hard and symbolic links

24.  Symbolic links  Vergelijk shortcuts Windows  Link heeft eigen inode  Broken link  ln –s /etc/hosts ~/computers  Hard links  Volgende naam voor zelfde inode  Op zelfde device  ln /etc/hosts ~/computers ln

25.  Lees in boek:  4.1: Vi (p93-99)  4.2: De inhoud van tekstbestanden weergeven (p99-101)  4.3: De inhoud van tekstbestanden bekijken met less en more (p102)  4.4: Tools om tekst te wijzigen (p102-107)  4.5: Geavanceerd filteren en verwerken van tekstbestanden (p108-115)  4.6: Bestanden zoeken (p115-117)  Herhaal de opdrachten van bijeenkomst 3 Huiswerk: 27.3.2010