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Evaluating Hydrological Output of DRAINMOD from Measured and Estimated Soil Properties Advisor: Dr. Christopher Hay Presenter: Govinda Karki Graduate Research Assistant Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering July 29, 2015
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Introduction DRAINMOD Requires soil properties input: Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) Soil water characteristics curve (SWCC) Drainage Volume Upward flux Green-Ampt Parameters Input for DRAINMOD : Soil Properties (SWCC and Ksat) determined by: Direct Method (Field Methods) Indirect Method ( Pedotransfer Functions, PTFs :Rosetta) Derived from SWCC
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Introduction Direct Method: Hyprop (Wind and Schindler evaporation method) and WP4C (dew point potentiometer) instruments (Peters and Durner 2008). Indirect Method: Widely used PTF is Rosetta (Schaap et al. 2001) and uses five different levels of input: H1: USDA textural class H2: H1 plus % of sand silt and clay H3: H2 plus dry bulk density H4: H3 plus water content at suction -33kPa (field capacity) H5: H4 plus water content at -1500kPa (wilting point) DRAINMOD has inbuilt utilities to convert soil properties in formatted input file using Rosetta Hyprop WP4C
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Objectives To determine soil properties (Ksat and SWCC) using pedotransfer function (Rosetta), and Hyprop and WP4C Compare DRAINMOD hydrological output of direct measurement (hyprop & WP4C) and Rosetta inputs with Calibrated values
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Materials & Methods Study Area Location: Located at SERF (Beresford, Clay Co., SD) Soil Type: Trent Series (EhA), Silty clay loam Climate (1950-2012): Average annual precipitation : 642 mm Average daily maximum Temp: 14.7 ºC Average daily minimum Temp: 1.8 ºC Field plots 14.25 acre (5.75ha) 6-plots half of the plots were drained and rest was undrained
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Materials & Methods Soil Information: USDA, NRCS (SSURGO) soil database used in Rosetta for SWCC Soil water characteristics curve was generated using Hyprop-DES Measured SWCC Water Content(θ)Head(h) 0.400 0.38-26 0.36-51 0.35-74 0.33-102 0.30-155 0.28-205 0.25-310 0.21-514 0.16-1028 0.12-2588 0.10-5164 0.08-10328 0.07-15000 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (K sat,cm/hr.) DepthValue of K sat 0-201.74 20-451.74 45-1101.74 110-1521.74 Measured and Rosetta derived soil parameters for DRAINMOD input Rosetta derived SWCC Water Content(θ)Head(h) 0.4910 0.460-25 0.430-50 0.407-75 0.388-100 0.361-150 0.341-200 0.308-330 0.283-500 0.246-1000 0.183-5000 0.155-15000 Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (K sat,cm/hr.) DepthValue of K sat 0-433.24 43-713.24 71-1193.24 119-1323.24 132-1520.97
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Materials & Methods Model Simulation: DRAINMOD simulation for 2004-2014 using measured weather data and soil hydraulic properties (calibration of model) Long-term simulation (1950-2012) conducted for hydrological output Simulation conducted using Rosetta (Ro) Simulation conducted using Direct Measurement (Mo) [ SWCC, Ksat from hyprop-DES] Soil temperature (Freezing and Thawing) was considered for simulation Statistical Analysis: Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (E): Normalized root mean square (RMSE): Mean absolute error (MAE):
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Results Comparison of Average Annual Drainage and Annual Runoff Average annual DrainageAverage annual Runoff Co- Calibrated ValuesMo- Direct Measured valuesRo- Rosetta values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Drainage flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Yearly Values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Drainage flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Monlthy Values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Drainage flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Daily Values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Runoff flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Yearly Values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Runoff flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Monthly Values
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Results Comparison of Calibrated with Simulated Runoff flow (Nash-Sutcliffe and R2) – Daily Values
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Results Statistical comparison between Mo and Ro for Drainage and Runoff Soil Input YearlyMonthlyDaily DrainageRunoffDrainageRunoffDrainageRunoff E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) E RMSE(cm) MAE(cm) Ro 0.970.650.370.750.980.43 0.94 0.04 0.75 0.25 0.03 0.91 0.01.001 0.580.04 0.001 Mo 0.99 0.26 0.15 0.980.200.07 0.99 0.08 0.02 0.98 0.060.01 0.97 0.007 0.001 0.94 0.01 0.003 E- Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency RMSE- Root Mean Squared ErrorMAE- Mean Absolute Error
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Summary DRAINMOD Output obtained using SWCC from Hyprop & WP4C and Ksat from Hyprop-DES gives fairly close result compared to calibrated values DRAINMOD output obtained from hyprop& WP4C (for SWCC) and Hyprop-DES (for K sat ) fits better than Rosetta Rosetta-derived soil input can be used in DRAINMOD for long-term simulation Statistical measure of average drainage output fits better than average runoff
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Acknowledgements East Dakota Water Development District South Dakota Corn Utilization Council South Dakota Ag Experiment Station With additional in-kind support provided by Agri Drain Corp. and ADS, Inc.
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For more questions /details : govinda.karki@sdstate.edu
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