1. Chapter 15 – Interviewing in Online and Other Non-FtF Environments

2. Chapter 15 This chapter focuses on online or other non-FtF approaches to interviewing and therapy. Have you had any experiences with any of these approaches?

3. Chapter 15 Technology as an extension of the self Human communication cannot be separated from the method or means of expression, connection, delivery, and reception. Information arriving through words on a screen is experienced differently from words through other communication modalites: cell phone, video-chat, or in person.

4. Chapter 15 What’s the same and what’s different? Still a relationship —human interaction New communication methods No observational data/information An emphasis on language Time is stretched and distorted —multitasking and immediacy both can be expectations

5. Chapter 15 Definition of terms and communication modalities Text-Only Asynchronous Communication Voice-Only Asynchronous Communication Voice-Only Synchronous Distance Communication Text-Only Synchronous Communication Video-Link Synchronous Distance Communication

6. Chapter 15 Non-FtF Assessment and Intervention Research The Therapeutic Alliance (Relationship) “People meet and fall in love on the Internet. Why would a therapeutic relationship not also be possible?” (Alleman, 2002, p. 201)

7. Chapter 15 Treatment Outcomes Telephone assessment Telephone interventions Online counseling/psychotherapy outcomes

8. Chapter 15 Ethical and Practical Problems and Solutions The interviewer doesn’t have access to nonverbal cues. There’s increased potential for clients to misrepresent themselves. Mental health provider credentials may be absent.

9. Chapter 15 Ethical and Practical Problems and Solutions (Cont.) There is an increased potential for immediate and explicit disclosure Emergency response procedures from a distance are complex and anxiety-provoking There are new and significant limitations on confidentiality

10. Chapter 15 Ethical and Practical Problems and Solutions Parental consent to work directly with minor clients can be problematic. The general solution: Informed consent

11. Chapter 15 5-Minute Discussion Discuss the Putting It Into Practice box that focuses on online counseling professionals. How can you be certain online services are being offered from ethical and competent professionals?

12. Chapter 15 Conducting Online or Non-FtF Interviews Preparation Conducting a Professional Competency Check Determining the Purpose of the Online or Non-FtF Interview Preparing the Room

13. Chapter 15 Multicultural Issues Charlar (small talk) and personalismo (friendliness) Familia Filial piety Tribal identity Spirituality

14. Chapter 15 Summary and Conclusions