1. Guale

2. What is a Catholic mission? A religious settlement that contains a church outpost and priests.

3. Though it was NOT permanently successful, by establishing missions along the coast, what European nation was first to attempt colonizing Georgia? Spain

4. Who was the first European to explore Georgia? Hernando De Soto

5. What is the term for man-made objects such as weapons, pottery, tools, and jewelry that archaeologists dig up to study ancient peoples? artifacts

6. From the 1550's to the 1660'S, in what area of Georgia did Spain established several Catholic missions? Along the Georgia coast and on the barrier islands.

7. Give one significant reason why De Soto's expedition might be considered a failure. De Soto did not find any gold or riches.

8. De Soto was an explorer originally from which European country? Spain

9. What was the oldest (earliest) prehistoric Indian culture found in Georgia? Paleo

10. Which prehistoric people were the FIRST to use the atlatl? Paleo

11. Why did Georgia's prehistoric period end in 1540? De Soto and many of his men kept a written record of their journey.

12. Which of Georgia's prehistoric native cultures was the MOST nomadic? Paleo

13. What was De Soto searching for while exploring Georgia? Gold

14. De Soto and his men were able to defeat the Native Americans in battle because of what major factor? De Soto's men wore steel armor plating.

15. During which prehistoric period did horticulture begin? The Archaic period

16. Which people were the FIRST to make and use pottery? Archaic

17. Which two cultures formed tribes and lived in villages? Woodland & Mississippian

18. During which prehistoric period did the bow and arrow come into use? Woodland

19. Which two cultures used earthen burial mounds? Woodland & Mississippian

20. Which prehistoric culture was Georgia's most advanced farmers, especially in the cultivation of corn? Mississippian

21. Which prehistoric culture protected their villages with moats, palisades (fences) and guard towers? Mississippian

22. What is the science of cultivating crops, plants, and trees? horticulture

23. A scientific theory that attempts to explain how prehistoric people and animals traveled from Asia to the Americas. Bering Land Bridge

24. Which factor resulted in prehistoric Indians making permanent settlements? The Indians learned to cultivate crops to serve as a food source.

25. Name 3 European countries that were major colonizers of the New World. England France Spain

26. De Soto brought along what type of animal to harass and attack the native Indians? Dogs

27. What was one impact of Spanish missions on the Native Americans along the barrier islands? Some Indians were converted to Christianity

28. What primary effect did Hernando De Soto's New World expedition have on Native Americans? Many Native Americans lost their lives due to disease and warfare.

29. Which prehistoric Indian group was the oldest? Paleo

30. Which prehistoric indian culture included three distinct periods: early, middle, and late? Archaic

31. Why do archaeologists claim that learning to make and use pottery was one of the greatest contributions of the Archaic Indians? These people used pottery to store food for future use allowing them to live in one place for longer periods of time.

32. Why do archaeologists believe that prehistoric Indians could have believed in some sort of afterlife? Burial mounds for the dead contained items such as tobacco pipes, tools, and weapons.

33. Which prehistoric people were the least nomadic? Mississippian

34. Beyond the obvious, describe what is being shown in the map below? Early man migrated from Asia to North America using the Bering Land Bridge

35. What was the oldest prehistoric Indian culture found in Georgia? A.Paleo

36. Person who studies and researches the past by examining the physical evidence left behind by ancient civilizations. D. archaeologists

37. The name of the Indian tribe that lived in the northern regions of Georgia is _______. A. Cherokee

38. 6. Why did the Paleo and Archaic people move frequently? to find enough food

39. artifacts Which term refers to man-made objects such as weapons, pottery, tools, and jewelry?

40. Woodland During which prehistoric period did the bow and arrow come into use?

41. 12. Which two cultures used earthen mounds? Woodland & Mississippian

42. Mississippian Which prehistoric culture was Georgia’s most advanced farmers, especially in the cultivation of corn?

43. horticulture The science of cultivating crops, plants, and trees

44. Bering land bridge 16. A scientific theory that attempts to explain how prehistoric people and animals traveled from Asia to the Americas.

45. 42. Which country was NOT a major colonizer of the New World? A. Italy B. France C. Spain D. England

46. The beliefs, traditions, art, music and social institutions of a group of people who share common experiences.

47. What was the oldest prehistoric Indian culture found in Georgia? A.Paleo

48. Person who studies and researches the past by examining the physical evidence left behind by ancient civilizations. D. archaeologists

49. Which people were the FIRST to use the atlatl? A. Woodland B. Archaic C. Paleo D. Mississippian

50. ________ refers to the period of time before man invented writing. A. Geography B. History C. Geology D. Prehistory

51. The name of the Indian tribe that lived in the northern regions of Georgia is _______. A. Cherokee B. Suwanee C. Creek D. Seminole

52. Why did the Paleo and Archaic people move frequently? to find enough food

53. artifacts Which term refers to man-made objects such as weapons, pottery, tools, and jewelry?

54. Archaic During which prehistoric period did horticulture begin?

55. Archaic Which people were the FIRST to make and use pottery?

56. Which two cultures formed tribes and lived in villages? A. Archaic & Mississippian B. Woodland & Paleo C. Woodland & Mississippian D. Paleo & Archaic

57. Woodland During which prehistoric period did the bow and arrow come into use?

58. Which two cultures used earthen mounds? A. Archaic & Mississippian B. Woodland & Paleo C. Paleo & Archaic D. Woodland & Mississippian

59. Mississippian Which prehistoric culture was Georgia’s most advanced farmers, especially in the cultivation of corn?

60. horticulture The science of cultivating crops, plants, and trees

61. Mississippian Which prehistoric culture protected their villages with moats, palisades (fences) and guard towers?

62. Bering land bridge A scientific theory that attempts to explain how prehistoric people and animals traveled from Asia to the Americas.

63. Which of the following can be credited to the Mississippian culture? A. They developed the atlatl. B. They created flat-topped pyramid mounds. C. They hunted mastodons. D. They were nomadic hunters

64. Which factor resulted in prehistoric Indians making permanent settlements? A. The Indians had abundant large game. B. The Indians followed herds of large animals. C.The Indians learned to cultivate crops to serve as a food source. D.The Indians wanted to band together for protection.

65. Mississippian This culture is also known as the “Temple Mound Builders”.

66. Woodlands What culture did not invent pottery, but they improved it quite a bit. A. Paleo B. Archaic C. D. Mississippian

67. Rock Eagle The North Georgia effigy mound made of quarts and shaped like a bird is named _________.

68. This test is used to date an artifact within a 200 year period. A. DNA Test B. Cigna 15 Test C. Carbon 14 Test D. EKG Test

69. Atlatl This is a tool used to throw a spear or dart greater distances with more accuracy.

70. This scientist digs into the earth to find artifacts. A. Paleontologists B. Environmentalist C. Anthropologists D. Archaeologists

71. The name of the Indian Tribe who lived mostly in the coastal plain of Georgia is ______. A. Cherokee B. Suwanee C. Creek D. Seminole

72. This tribe calls themselves the Muscogee. A. Cherokee B. Creek C. Suwanee D. Seminole

73. Guale By what name did the Spanish call the coastal region of Georgia?

74. A Catholic mission is A.a religious settlement that contains a church outpost and priests. B. a ship for carrying gold back to Spain. C. store for selling food and supplies to colonists. D.a government building where the local sheriff works

75. Spain Though it was NOT permanently successful, the first European nation that attempted to colonize Georgia by establishing missions along the coast was

76. Who was the first European to explore Georgia? A. Christopher Columbus B. Hernando De Soto C. Ponce de Leon D. James Oglethorpe

77. Along the Georgia coast and on the barrier islands. From the 1550’s to the 1660’s, Spain established several Catholic missions where?

78. Which is NOT a reason why De Soto’s expedition was considered a failure? A. Many of De Soto’s men died on the expedition B. De Soto died on the expedition C. De Soto did not find any gold or riches. D. De Soto traveled in the wrong direction

79. De Soto was an explorer from the country of A. France B. Italy C. Spain D. England

80. Gold What was De Soto searching for in Georgia?

81. Why did England, France, and Spain want to establish permanent settlements in the New World? A.They signed a treaty with China pledging to conduct trade. B.They wanted to strengthen their economy through mercantilism. C.They believed the Native Americans would become powerful allies. D.They thought the Native American’s religion would benefit them.

82. Many Native Americans lost their lives What affect did Hernando De Soto’s New World expedition have on Native Americans?

83. Some Native Americans were converted to Christianity. What was one impact of Spanish missions on the Native Americans along the barrier islands?

84. southeast In 1540 – 41, De Soto explored which region of the United States?

85. Which country was NOT a major colonizer of the New World? A. Italy B. France C. Spain D. England

86. Mercantilism can BEST be described as: A.A system for transporting supplies safely across the ocean to foreign markets. B.A religious policy in which European countries establish missions in the New World. C.A trade policy in which a country exports more than it imports in order to create a favorable balance of trade. D.An alliance system used by European nations to maintain peace with the Native Americans of the New World.

87. Dogs De Soto brought along what type of animal to harass and attack the native Indians?

88. The location of the first Spanish missions. What was the Guale?