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Meiosis and Nondisjunction
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Meiosis Definition: Cell division that divides the number of chromosomes per cell in half to produce sperm and eggs
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Diploid vs. Haploid Diploid Contains two sets of chromosomes (one set from the mom and one set from the dad) Haploid One set of chromosomes
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Stages of Meiosis Meiosis I Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Meiosis II Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II
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Meiosis I
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Prophase I Each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form a tetrad Crossing over (exchange of information between homologous chromosomes) takes place
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Prophase I
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Metaphase I Homologous chromosomes pair together and line up down the middle of the cell
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Metaphase I
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Anaphase I The homologous chromosomes are pulled APART to opposite ends of the cell
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Anaphase I
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Telophase I and Cytokinesis Nuclear membranes form The cell separates into two cells
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Telophase I and Cytokinesis
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Meiosis II
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Prophase II
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Metaphase II
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Anaphase II
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Telophase II and Cytokinesis
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Nondisjunction Definition: When gametes have an abnormal number of chromosomes When this occurs: Meiosis
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Chromosomal Disorders due to Nondisjunction 1) Down Syndrome 2) Klinefelter's Syndrome 3) Turner's Syndrome
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Down Syndrome "Trisomy 21" Characteristics:
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Klinefelter's Syndrome Characteristics:
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Turner's Syndrome Characteristics:
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