1. Measuring Concentration
Flame Photometer

2. Using the Flame Photometer
Spectroscopy: Study of light produce by a substance
Spectroscopy is a common form of chemical analysis it is based on a principle of the Bohr model:
Atoms absorb and release specific wavelengths (colours) of light because of the E.L. they possess

3. Emission Spectra Element X
The emission spectrum of each element is “fingerprint” of that element
When excited, a sample will betray the presence of a substance by its emission spectrum:
Element X

4. Emission Spectra Concept 1
A sample that contains the matching spectral lines compared to a standard must contain that element
Sample Spectrum
(This sample contains element X)
Standard containing Element X

5. Emission Spectra Concept 2
The concentration of an element is a sample is proportional to the brightness of the spectrum
Sample Spectrum 1
Std 2
Element X is more concentrated in sample #2

6. Flame Photometer
Device measures the concentration of a element in a sample by measuring the intensity of its’ emission spectrum
Parts
Pump
Burner
Nebulizer
Photodetector
readout !
0.000

7. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.000
Zero with distilled water
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=? !
0.000

8. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.010
Zero with distilled water
Measure the concentration of several standard solutions, each more concentrated than the next (0.010)
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
e=0.010
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=? !
0.010
Conc = 1 g/L

9. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.020
Zero with distilled water
Measure the concentration of several standard solutions, each more concentrated than the next (0.010, 0.020)
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
e=0.010 e=0.020
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=? !
0.020
Conc = 4 g/L

10. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.030
Zero with distilled water
Measure the concentration of several standard solutions, each more concentrated than the next (0.010, 0.020, 0.030
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
e=0.010 e= e=0.030
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=? !
0.030
Conc = 6 g/L

11. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.026
Zero with distilled water
Measure the concentration of several standard solutions, each more concentrated than the next (0.010, 0.020, 0.030)
Measure unknown (0.026)
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
e=0.010 e= e= e=0.026
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=? !
0.026
Conc = ?

12. Pocedure To use a flame photometer std1 std2 std 3 ukn ! 0.000
Zero with distilled water
Measure the concentration of several standard solutions, each more concentrated than the next (0.010, 0.020, 0.030)
Measure unknown (0.026)
Compare unkn to stds using calibration curve !
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
e=0.010 e= e= e=0.026
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=?
0.000
Conc = ?

13. Conc of standards (g/L)
std1 std2 std 3 ukn
c=2g/L c=4g/L c=6g/L c=?
e=0.010 e= e= e=0.026
Calibration Curve
Ukn
emission
0.026
.04
.03
Emission Of
standards
.02
Conc of
unknown =
5.2 g/L
.01 2 4 6 8
Conc of standards (g/L)