1. Information Systems Unit 3

2. What are Data  Data are random, unprocessed facts that have little or no value until they have undergone some sort of processing activity. Data Processing Information

3. Examples of Data  Date: 15/01/2007  Customer number DY2389/OOPP  Student registration NC89900000000STG  Booking Reference AAA456TT07

4.  A string of numbers and/or letters is meaningless on its own. In order for us to make any sense of it additional data needs to be present. Student Number Student Name CS10037900 Jane Herring PJ100379001 Mohammed Khan JH100379002 David Hampshire

5. What is information?  Information is a set of meaningful data that is of use to somebody.  Information is transmitted every second of every day, and it is the infrastructure to every organisation.  If we could not transmit information, nothing in the world would be achieved: how would we know what people and systems want, how they want it and in what quantity?

6. How is information expressed? VerbalPhysicalVisual How is information transmitted? speech, sound graphics, pictures body language, writing sign language.

7. Information in Organisations  Information is crucial to any organisation: without it, a business cannot survive.  Information is used for many different purposes, such as negotiating contracts, delegating day to day tasks, advising colleagues and instructing third parties on stock requirements or deliveries.

8.  Generic and Specialist Information. Generic information is common to any organisation and the organisational need. Generic FinancialDespatch / Delivery Personnel ICT Administrative Marketing Sales Operations

9.  Specialist information is exclusive to the organisation or the organisation type.  For example: the information required by a bank would be different to that required by an retail organisation that sells games consoles. Organisation type Generic info Specialist info BankMarketing New first time buyers’ mortgage rates Games Console Shop Marketing Launch of new PS2 software BankICT Upgrade of current cash machines Games Console Shop ICT Installation of new till