1. Unit 1 Day 13 Quote: “The essence of Government is power; and power, lodged as it must be in human hands, will ever be liable to abuse.” - James Madison Essential Question: Under what circumstances should individuals stand up for what is just in the face of authority? Specified Content: Bill of Rights State Standards: Strand 1 Concept 4 PO 4

2. The Bill of Rights In all of the states, Federalists and Anti- Federalists argued their case and tried to sway the people to their belief. They used newspapers, pamphlets and public meetings.

3. Anti-Federalists including Thomas Jefferson argued that without a Bill of Rights, the people’s rights would be abused.

4. It took 10 months before enough states ratified the Constitution for it to become official and it was agreed that the first task of the Congress would be to create a Bill of Rights.

5. 1789, James Madison introduces a series of Amendments for ratification by the states. The Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776) by George Mason influenced Madison.

6. The approved Amendments become known as the Bill of Rights. They include protections on speech, religion, firearm ownership, trial by jury and property rights among others.

7. Assignment (Bill of Rights) 1.Why did the Anti-Federalists write the 1 st Amendment? 2.What is the purpose of the 4 th Amendment?

8. “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.” –First Amendment to the Constitution, 1791 “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.” –Fourth Amendment to the Constitution, 1791