3. PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, CARCASS TRAITS AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN RABBITS FED ON ACACIA DESERT PLANTS عنوان الرسالة الاداء الانتاجى وصفات الذبيحة وبعض التغيرات الفسيولوجية فى الارانب المغذاة على نباتات الاكاسيا الصحراويةالاداء الانتاجى وصفات الذبيحة وبعض التغيرات الفسيولوجية فى الارانب المغذاة على نباتات الاكاسيا الصحراوية

4. Prof. Dr. HASSAN SABER ZEWEIL Prof. Dr. MOHAMED HASSAN Ahmed Dr. GABER AHMAD MOHAMED

5. INTRODUCTION Acacia saligna is perennial legume shrubs that gives green forages around the year and grows in marshy areas near fresh and salt water on sandy soils. It is used for soil fixation, as a fuel, wood or fence plant and is available throughout the year. Acacia is also a fast growing species, which can maintain active growth during the dry season (Hua and Bee-Lian, 2000). The green biomass yields in three harvests up to 16 months after planting was 20.7 tones / ha (Man et al., 1995). The content of CP in Acacia foliage is relatively high; around 170 g per kg DM, but the intake of Acacia by goats is low compared to other shrubs (Man et al., 1995; Duyen et al., 1996).

6. Why organic acids supplementation?  Organic acids have been used for decades in feed preservation, protecting feed from microbial and fungal destruction or to increase the preservation effect of fermented feed, e.g. silages (Partanen and Mroz, 1999).  A very important objective of dietary acidification is the inhibition of intestinal bacteria competing with the host for available nutrients, and a reduction of possibly toxic bacterial metabolites, e.g. ammonia and amines, thus improving weight gain of the host animal (Hinton and Linton, 1988; Iba and Berchieri, 1995; Berchieri and Barrow, 1996; Thompson and Hinton, 1997).

7. Table (1): Chemical composition of Acacia leave meal and clover hay meal ( on dry matter basis)

8. The aim of this study was determine the effect of acacia saligna on productive performance of NZW rabbits under semi-arid condition and addition preservatives materials as acetic and propionic acids.

9. EXPERIMENTAL Diets 0Acacia 16.5% Acacia 33% Acacia Without organic acid 0.025% Acitic acid 0.05% Aciticc acid 0.025% Acitic acid 0.05% Acitic acid 0.025% Acitic acid 0.05% Acitic acid 0.025%Propionic acid 0.05%Propionic acid 0.025%Propionic acid 0.05%Propionic acid 0.025%Propionic acid 0.05%Propionic acid

10. Studied parameters o Average body weight. o Average weight gain. o Feed consumption. o Feed conversion ratio (FCR). o Mortality number.

11. Carcass traits.

12. Blood parameters.

13. o Effectiveness of acetic and Propionic acids as antifungal preservatives.

15. Table (2): Composition and chemical analyses (%) of the experimental diets (as fed). Acacia leave meal in the diet % Ingredients 3316.50 ----16.5033.00 Clover hay 33.0016.50---- Acacia leave meal (ALM) ِ 10.7014.8018.90 Yellow corn 8.509.7511.00 Wheat bran 17.0017.1517.30 Barley grain 15.0015.0015.00 Soybean meal (44%) 11.005.50---- Wheat straw 3.003.003.00Molasses 1.001.001.00Limestone 0.300.300.30Salt 0.100.100.10 Dl- Methionine 0.100.100.10L-Lysine 0.300.300.30 Vit, and min. mix.1 100100100Total 125150175Price

16. Table (2):cont 'nd Acacia leave meal in the diet % Ingredients 3316.50 Chemical analysis 90.8590.0189.99 Dry Matter 82.8282.3182.36 Organic Matter 16.4516.6016.62 Crude Protein 3.513.303.27 Ether Extract 13.7013.6113.45 Crude Fiber 49.0749.2548.52 Nitrogen Free Extract 37.9237.8637.76 NDF ( calculated) 8.027.707.58Ash 24982501.12505.9DE(Kcal/Kg)*(calculated)

17. Table (3): Live body weights of growing NZW rabbits as affected by feeding diets containing different levels of acacia, organic acids and the interaction between them. Body weight (g) Body weight (g)Treatments weeks 1311975 Main effect of (ALM) level: 1908.9 a 1552.0 a 1203.5 a 833.0 a 534.80 1821.1 c 1481.7 b 1154.8 b 793.2 b 535.816.5% 1871.5 b 1557.0 a 1113.9 c 768.6 c 532.933% 6.4155.7525.6253.812.940SEM 0.00010.00010.00010.0001NS P value Main effect of organic acid supplements 1830.3 c 1534.4 b 1168.0 b 812.2 a 535.8Control 1925.7 a 1600.9 a 1233.7 a 822.5 a 533.4 Acetic acid, 0.025% 1795.7 d 1469.3 c 1139.8 c 822.9 a 530.1 0.05% 0.05% 1888.4 b 1535.1 b 1110.5 d 772.9 b 537.0 Propionic acid 0.025 1899.2 b 1513.5 b 1140.9 c 764.2 b 536.2 0.05% 0.05% 8.2777.4217.2580.00014.9263.801SEM 0.00010.00010.0001NS P value

18. Table(3):cont 'nd Body weight gain (g) treatment Weeks 1311975 Interaction effect Organic acid Acacia 1994.6 b 1686 b 1288.0 b 892.8 a 538.100 1915.7 d 1534.8 d 1153.7 e 793.9 de 530.4 %0.025 Acetic acid 1732.4 gh 1439.2 f 1162.4 e 884.6 a 533.00.05% 1982.2 b 1539.2 cd 1164.3 e 769.9 ef 532.1%0.025 Propionic acid 1919.6 cd 1560.6 d 1249.1 c 823.8 c 540.4%0.05 1758.6 g 1432.9 f 1103.0 f 785.0 e 535.8%0.016.5% 2047.8 a 1748.0 a 1331.6 a 864.6 b 534.6%0.025 Acetic acid 1738.4 gh 1401.4 g 1088.7 f 798.1 de 534.4%0.05 1716.9 h 1374.4 g 1103.0 f 760.9 f 542.2%0.025 Propionic avid 1729.8 gh 1446.3 ef 1141.9 f 759.1 f 531.7%0.05 1799.6 f 1472.9 e 1105.8 d 755.9 f533.7%0.033% 1916.1 cd 1509.6 d 1213.5 e 807.3 cd 535.10.025% Acitic acid 1966.1 bc 1567.3 c 1168.2 e 785.9 e 522.9%0.05 1946.4 cd 1691.6 b 1064.1 g 787.8 de 536.5%0.025 Propionic acid 1950.4 1536.0 d 1018.1 h 702.9 g 536.3%0.05 0.00010.00010.00010.0001NSPvalue

19. Table 4. Live body weights gain of growing NZW rabbits as affected by feeding diets containing different levels of acacia and supplemented with organic acids. BODY WEAIGT GAIN (G) WKS TREATMENT Number of dead animals 5-139-135-9 Mean effect of (ALM) 2 1374.1 a 705.4 b 668.7 a 0.0 3 1285.2 c 666.3 c 618.9 b 16.5% 2 1339.8 b 757.7 a 582.1 c 33% 0.00010.00010.0001Pvalue MEAN EFFECT OF ORGANIC ACID SUPPLEMENTS 2 1294.2 c 662.3 c 6319 b CONTROL 0 1 1393.8 a 692.0 b 701.7 a Acetic acid 0.025% 1 1265.6 d 655.9 c 609.7 c 0.05% 1 1351.4 b 777.9 a 573.5 d Propionic ad 0.025% 2 1363.4 b 758.3 a 605.1 c 0.05% 0.00010.00010.00010.0001pvalie

20. Table 4