1. Aka: make organic molecules

2. Glycolysis

3. Glucose (6C) Pyruvic Acid (3C) ATP NADH Overview of Glycolysis (net outcome)

4. CCCCCC P P A P P P H H H H OOOOOO OOOOOO HH H H HH HHH H HHHH H HH HH H Glucose (a cartoon!)

5. CCCCCC P P A P P P P HH HH OOOOOO OOOOOO HH H H HH HHH H HHHH H HH HH H

6. CCC P CCC P Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate H H HH OOOOOO OOOOOO HH H H HH HHH H HHHH H HH HH H CCC P CCC P H H H H OOOOOO OOOOOO HH H H HH HHH H HHHHH HH HH H CCC P CCC P H H H H H H H H H H HH HH OOO OOO OOO OOO H H H H H H HH H H

7. CCC P P P P H H NAD HH H H OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H

8. CCC PP HH P A P P P OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H

9. CCC HH P A PP A P P P P P OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H

10. CCC HH P A PP A P PP Pyruvic acid OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H

11. CCC CCC NAD HH HH P A P P A PP P P A P P A PP P Gross results of glycolysis OOO OOO OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H H H H H HHH HH H

12. CCC NAD HH P A PP A P PP Pyruvic acid CCC NAD HH P A PP A P PP P A P P A PP P Net results of glycolysis OOO OOO OOO OOO H H HH H HH H H H H H H H HHH HH H

13. Streptococcus Lactobacillus Bacillus Saccharomyces Candida Escherichia Salmonella Propionibacterium Enterobacter Clostricium

14. Homolactic acid fermentation Pyruvic acid C 3 H 4 O 3 Lactic acid C 3 H 6 O 3 NAD HH

15. Alcoholic fermentation Acetaldehyde C 2 H 4 O Ethyl alcohol C 2 H 6 O NAD HH Pyruvic acid C 3 H 4 O 3 acetaldehyde C 2 H 4 O CO 2

16. Lactobacillus acidophilus - gram positive bacilli -Produces lactic acid from sugars (raises the pH of the surrounding area – discourages growth of yeast) -Component of normal gastrointestinal tract, mouth, vagina -Component of normal intestinal flora that produce vitamin K; prevent infection by pathogenic species -Produces natural antibiotics against Salmonella and Campylobacter -Used to make yogurt, sauerkraut, fermented pickles