1. Review for Quiz #3 Notes 8-10 Crossing the Continent

2. Who helped train American cowboys about how to be cowboys? Mexican vaqueros Click Three Times for Answers

3. Who was one of the famous African American cowboys famous for the stunt of steer wrestling? Bill Pickett Click once for Answer

4. For what 2 reasons did ranchers raise cattle? For their hides and for their meat Click Three Times for Answers

5. Describe the life of a cowboy: Cowboys worked long hours for very little pay They worked in all kinds of weather as they watched over the cattle Click Three Times for Answers

6. What fraction of cowboys were Mexican or African Americans? 1/3 Click Three Times for Answers

7. What kind of fences did farmers build? Fences using barbed wire Click Two Times for Answers

8. Why did the farmers have to fence in their crops? The ranchers’ cattle were trampling their crops Click Once for Answer

9. How were ghost towns formed? Everyone left the town once all the gold and minerals (or whatever people were mining/digging for) had been found Click Two Times for Answers

10. Who invented the blue jeans for miners? Levi Strauss Click Once for Answer

11. What were the most common resources discovered out West? Gold and silver Click Once for Answer

12. What is a boom? A time of fast economic growth, where $$ is coming into the economy Click Once for Answer

13. What’s the opposite of a boom? A bust- when there is a period of economic decline Click Three Times for Answers

14. What does a prospector do? Mines for gold, silver, or other minerals Click Once for Answer

15. How did Asians show cooperation out West? They worked very hard to help build the RR (and in dangerous conditions) They provided services (like laundries) in the mining towns They looked out for each other Click Once for Answer

16. Why was their conflict between the ranchers/cowboys and farmers? Farmers were fencing in their land because the ranchers’ cattle were trampling their crops Click Once for Answer

17. What happened when miners competed with each other while trying to find precious minerals? They fought each other (and stole from each other!) and created societies that were not protected by laws or police help Click Once for Answer

18. What was a negative aspect of the mining industry? It was destructive to the environment Click Once for Answer

19. Which group of immigrants worked on the RR in dangerous conditions and were discriminated against due to their culture? Asian immigrants (specifically the Chinese or Coolies) Click Two Times for Answers

20. TRUE OR FALSE: Asian immigrants came to America in search of gold and to help build the RR. true Click Three Times for Answers

21. TRUE OR FALSE: Asian workers were paid the same as white workers. False- they were paid much less than white workers. This is one way they were discriminated against. Click once for Answer

22. TRUE OR FALSE: Ghost towns grew quickly as people saw the economic opportunity to serve the needs of miners. False- Boom towns grew, not ghost towns Click Three Times for Answers

23. TRUE OR FALSE: Asian immigrants were treated just as well as any other worker. False- they were shown much discrimination due to their culture, clothing, food they ate, and the fact that they competed for jobs with other white people Click Three Times for Answers

24. What is a reservation? Lands that Native Americans were forced to live on Click Once for Answer

25. What was not valued by Native Americans? money Click Once for Answer

26. Much of the conflict in the west was over what? Competition for natural resources Click once for Answer

27. What was the purpose of the Dawes Severalty Act? To divide Native American land into family plots for private ownership of land The Native Americans did not believe in private ownership of land- they believed the land belonged to the tribe and not individuals Click Three Times for Answers

28. Where was the Lakota tribe forced from and why? Forced from Black Hills once miners and settlers found gold and silver there Click Three Times for Answers

29. For what reasons did settlers and the US government want tribal land? To build RR lines To create farms To mine To build towns Click Three Times for Answers

30. What happened to the Nez Perce tribe? Tried to flee from the government by going to Canada Were caught and sent to a reservation in OK instead of Oregon where they wanted to go Led by Chief Joseph Click Three Times for Answers

31. Where and why were Native Americans children sent? Sent to boarding schools where they could learn to be “American” Click Three Times for Answers

32. What is a major effect of the corruption within the Bureau of Indian Affairs? Native Americans experienced poverty and starvation Click Three Times for Answers

33. Describe ways that the US government and “white men” tried to change Native Americans? Changed the way they worshipped Live in wooden homes Farming instead of hunting Cut their hair, wear “American” clothing and shoes Forced to speak English only Change their names to American names Click Three Times for Answers

34. How did immigrants from Europe, Mexico, and Asia show cooperation and conflict out west? European- helped others from their country learn farming techniques, barn building, helped others go West; helpe build the RR (Irish); competed for jobs Mexico- helped train American cowboys; many of the words we use today related to cowboys we got from them; competed for jobs; lost their land after Mexican War Asia- helped build the RR; worked in mining camps and in mining towns by providing laundry services; supported each other; sent $$ back to families in China; All were discriminated or shown some kind of prejudice; all worked hard for little money Click Three Times for Answers

35. Which group of people worked for ranchers by keeping watch over the cattle? Cowboys Click Once for Answer

36. What was the nickname for African American pioneers who moved west? Exodusters Click Once for Answer

37. In which state did Exodusters settle and make a life for themselves? Kansas Click Once for Answer

38. Which group of immigrants cooperated with other workers to build the RR from the east (Omaha, Nebraska) to the west? Irish immigrants Click Once for Answer

39. Which group of immigrants cooperated with other workers to build the RR from the west (California) to the east? Asian or Chinese immigrants Click Once for Answer

40. What is another name for being extremely poor? Native Americans experienced it as well as starvation. poverty Click Once for Answer

41. People seeking fortunes were looking for what discovery out west? Gold/silver Click Once for Answer

42. Which group of immigrants were found in the southwestern parts of the US and California and had lost their land after a big war in that area? Mexicans Click Once for Answer

43. What kind of school were Native American children sent to in order to learn how to be “American”? They were sent to boarding schools Click Once for Answer

44. When Native Americans tribes were forced to new lands, they were forced into what new “jobs”? They went from being hunters to being farmers Click Once for Answer

45. How did the views of land ownership differ between Native Americans and the US government? Native Americans believed that the land belonged to the whole tribe- to all- and not to one person or family like the US government believed Click Once for Answer

46. How where Native American children affected by US policies? They were sent to boarding schools to learn the American ways Click Once for Answer

47. How did some reformers try to “Americanize” Native American children? Sent them to boarding schools and given an English name Made them cut their hair and wear English clothes and shoes Slept in wooden beds in wooden homes Taught them a trade Click Once for Answer

48. This is not a question, but be able to pick two groups of people below and show how they cooperated or experienced conflict while living and working out west. Groups you can choose from are: Native Americans, ranchers/cowboys, miners, farmers, Asian Americans, Mexicans, European immigrants, African Americans, US Soldiers/white men Click Once for Answer