1. 1. Psychology that perception is more than the sum of its parts; involves a whole pattern Gestalt 2. Believed all people work to satisfy certain needs to be happy. Free will to achieve personal growth Humanistic (Maslow, Rogers) Four goals in psychology Describe, explain, predict, observe

2. 3. Introduced idea of free association to see what may be going on in a person’s subconscious Sigmund Freud 4. The study of how mental processes help animals & people adapt to their environment. Functionalism 5. Founder of functionalism William James

3. 6. Focuses on influences of ethnicity, gender, culture and socioeconomic status on behavior Socio-cultural psychology 7. Established the view of natural selection Charles Darwin 8. Focus on biological factors that influence behavior, such as chemical levels and genetic defects neuroscientists – psychobiologists

4. 9. Maintains that only observable facts of behavior should be considered Behaviorism 10. Two leaders in behaviorism B.F. Skinner & John Watson 11. The study of how processing, storing & retrieving of info influences our behavior (memories/perceptions/expectations) Cognitive psychology

5. 12. The study of the basic elements of conscious mental experience Structuralism 13. Established the first psychological lab in Germany, 1879 Wilhelm Wundt 14. Famous student of Wundt who studied structuralism in the U.S. Edward Titchner