1. Plagiarism & Referencing

2. Referencing Support your claims with references from other sources (books, magazines, newspapers, online articles, etc), and list your references. Please refer to the APA referencing guidelines. Plagiarism WARNING: DO NOT COPYPASTE your work from other sources. PLAGIARISM if detected can result in failure for the course. Always provide citations for the supports/claims you have made.

3. Why use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries? Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many purposes. You might use them to; Provide support for claims or add credibility to your writing Refer to work that leads up to the work you are now doing

4. Give examples of several points of view on a subject Call attention to a position that you wish to agree or disagree with Highlight a particularly striking phrase, sentence, or passage by quoting the original Distance yourself from the original by quoting it in order to cue readers that the words are not your own Expand the breadth or depth of your writing

5. Direct Quotation Quotations must be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source. They must match the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author. Plagiarism - word-for-word example which the writer directly quotes a passage or passages from an author's work without the use of proper quotation marks.

6. Paraphrase Paraphrasing is a condensed version of another author's work, or putting the author's words into your own words. A paraphrased example must be cited. You cite a paraphrased example as you would a word-for-word quote. Paraphrase the passage if you wish to convey the points in the passage at roughly the same level of detail as in the original

7. Summarising Summarise the relevant passage if you wish to sketch only the most essential points in the passage. Summarsing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarised ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

8. Familiarize yourself with the various verbs commonly used to introduce quotations. Here is a partial list: argues writes points out

9. concludes comments notes maintains suggests insists observes Counters

10. asserts states claims demonstrates says explains reveals

11. Each verb has its own meaning. Make sure that the meaning matches your specific aims in introducing the quotation. There are other ways to begin quotations. Here are three common phrasings: In the words of X,... According to X,... In X's view,...

12. How to use quotations, paraphrases, and summaries Practice summarising the essay found here, using paraphrases and quotations as you go. It might be helpful to follow these steps:here Read the entire text, noting the key points and main ideas. Summarise in your own words what the single main idea of the essay is. Paraphrase important supporting points that come up in the essay. Consider any words, phrases, or brief passages that you believe should be quoted directly.