1. Chapter 1: Introduction to Life Science

2. What is Science? A way of learning about the natural world

3. 5 Skills that Scientists Use 1. Observing- using your senses to gather information a. QuanTitative- deals with numbers (ex. You have 8 new emails in your inbox) b. QuaLitative- deals with descriptions that can’t be expressed in numbers (ex. The grapes are sour)

4. 5 Skills that Scientists Use 2. Inferring- Explaining or interpreting the things you observe. What has happened. Example: You see a friend smile when she gets her test paper back, so you infer that she made a good grade.

5. 5 Skills that Scientists Use 3. Predicting- making a forecast of what will happen in the future based on past experience. What will happen. Example: You predict that the basketball team will win the game because they have always beaten the team they are playing in the past.

6. 5 Skills that Scientists Use 4. Classifying- the process of grouping together items that are alike in some way. Example: Sorting laundry in your drawers (one drawer for socks, one for shirts)

7. 5 Skills that Scientists Use 5. Making Models- involves creating representations of complex objects or processes Example: Globes, maps, etc

8. - Thinking Like a Scientist Making Models Making models involves creating representations of complex objects or processes. This model traces a chimp’s journey through the forest.

9. What is Life Science? Life Science- the study of living things “Bio”= life “ology”= to study

10. Scientific Inquiry The diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence they gather is called scientific inquiry. Also called the scientific process or scientific method.

11. Scientific Inquiry Steps in the scientific process: 1. Posing Questions ex: What influences how crickets chirp? 2. Developing a Hypothesis ex: I hypothesize that crickets chirp more at higher temps. ***Hypothesis must be testable! ***

12. Scientific Inquiry Steps in the scientific process: 3. Designing an experiment a. Variables- factors that can change in an experiment (kind of crickets, type of container, etc.) b. Controlled Experiment- one variable is manipulated at a time (kind of cricket, type of container, etc.)

13. c. Manipulated Variable- the variable that is purposely changed to test the hypothesis (the temperature). d. Responding Variable- the factor that may change in response to the manipulated variable (the amount of chirping). e. Operational Definition- statement that describes how to measure a variable (what sound counts as a single chirp?) Scientific Inquiry

14. 4. Collecting and Interpreting Data Data are facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations

15. - Scientific Inquiry Collecting and Interpreting Data A data table helps you organize the information you collect in an experiment. Graphing the data may reveal any patterns in your data.

16. Scientific Inquiry 5. Drawing Conclusions Summary of what you learned- do you need to repeat something?

17. Scientific Inquiry 6. Communicating Sharing your results with other scientists so they can try to repeat them.

19. Characteristics of Scientists To be successful, scientists must possess certain characteristics: 1. Curiosity 2. Honesty 3. Open-mindedness 4. Skepticism 5. Creativity

20. Using Technology Technology- how people change the world around them to meet their needs and solve practical problems The goal of technology is to improve the way people live. How can technology impact society? Can have positive and negative consequences for society as a whole.

21. - Understanding Technology How Does Technology Relate to Science? Science is the study of the natural world to understand how it functions. Technology, on the other hand, changes, or modifies, the natural world to meet human needs or to solve problems. For example, understanding the physics of light (science) led to the development of optical fibers and endoscopes (technology).

22. Technology, such as writing or word- processing technology, is always changing. Technology progresses as people’s knowledge increases and as new needs can be satisfied. - Understanding Technology How Technology Progresses

23. Graphic Organizer ScienceTechnology Study of the natural world Rely on each other To understand how it functions Changing the natural world To meet human needs and solve problems

24. Lab Safety When should lab preparation begin? The day before lab! Lab Safety: 1.Safety Goggles 2.Wear Aprons 3.Heat-resistant gloves 4.Clean and neat desk 5.Store cords 6.Close-toed shoes 7.Treat animals with care 8.Tie back long hair 9.Plastic Gloves 10.No food or gum

25. Safety Symbols

26. Lab Safety Most important safety guidelines: Follow all directions !!! (What you are actually told, not your interpretation of what you are told.) If you’re not sure, ASK!! Read directions before asking, “What are we supposed to do?” NO HORSEPLAY---EVER !!!

27. Lab Safety What does “in the field” mean? Going outside! What should you do in case of an emergency? Notify the teacher immediately and follow his or her directions.

28. Lab Tools For Specimens Petri dish & lid Slide & coverslip

29. Lab Tools For Liquids Test tubes Beakers Flasks Graduated cylinder SO…… What‘s the difference? Measuring ONLY Mixing, observing, experimenting. NOT measuring.

30. Lab Tools For Measuring Balance– measures mass Cylinders & Pipets– measure volume Ruler– measures length

31. Lab Tools For Dissection Scissors Tray Pins forceps Sharp probe Blunt probe