1. March 17, 2016, Washington, DC Addressing Land Governance Issues across ECA Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty 2016 ECA Land Agenda: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Heading David Egiashvili Ph.D.

2. Status of Land Governance in ECA Region  Seven countries from ECA region are listed in the top 10 property registries  Georgia: LGAF Implemented in 2011, 2012 Land Governance Monitoring 2013  Ukraine: LGAF Implemented in 2012; Land Governance Monitoring started in 2014  Moldova: LGAF implemented in 2013  Azerbaijan: LGAF on hold  Croatia: LGAF Completed in 2016 Doing Business Ranking Country Registering Property New Zealand1 Lithuania2 Georgia3 Estonia4 Slovak Republic5 Kyrgyz Republic6 Belarus7 Russian Federation8 Denmark9 United Arab Emirates10

3. The Main Challenges in ECA Region  Institutional fragmentation  Some countries are still challenged by institutional fragmentation of land administration system on a horizontal (Ukraine) or vertical (Kosovo) level  Sustainability of the registration institution  Sovereignty and self-financing has proved to be international best practice for institutional arrangement of property registry  Completeness of the land registry  low level of registered land in some countries constrain effective land policy development and land market operation  Transparency and assess to the information  Lack of transparency and limited access to information creates favorable environment for malfeasance.

4. The Main Challenges in ECA Region  Land Fragmentation  Socially oriented agriculture land privatization resulted in high level of land fragmentation with average 04-06 ha land parcel in some ECA countries  Regular land governance monitoring system  Land Governance Monitoring is a regular automated reporting system on key indicators that correspond to the functional areas of land governance. It relies on existing administrative data from various sources as a primary source of information, testing in Ukraine, Georgia and Croatia  Gender equity  Although the legislation in the countries does not contain gender restriction, the practice of realization of these rights still have some characteristics of discrimination