1. Chapter Four, Lecture One Myths of Creation Up to the Birth of Aphrodite; Monsters and Sea Deities

2. “Sing all this to me, Muses, you who dwell on Olympus: from the beginning tell me, which of the gods first came to be.” Hesiod, Theogony (114 – 5)

3. The cosmogony is the theogony.

4. The Children of Chaos Hesiod, Theogony 116-125Theogony 116-125 Chaos < Chasm Gaea, Tartarus Mythic geography –Olympus/Topmost –Earth/Middle –Tartarus/Bottommost

5. The Children of Chaos Eros –Force of sexual attraction Nyx and Erebus –Features of Chaos? Nyx –Moerae –Nemesis Eerbus – Nyx –Aether (Radiance) –Hemera (day)

6. The Children of Chaos Is Gaea the mother of all things? –Homeric Myth to GaeaHomeric Myth to Gaea

7. The Children of Gaea: The Titans and their Cousins Many beings from the earth Most important the –Titans –Cyclopes –Heacatonchires

8. The Titans Gaea = > Uranus, Mountains, Pontus Gaea + Uranus

9. The Titans Uranos and Gaea in eternal sexual embrace C.f. Egyptian Nut and GebEgyptian Nut and Geb

10. Thereafter Gaea was bedded with Uranus, lord of heaven, and bore deep-swirling (1) Oceanus, (2) Coeus, (3) Crius, (4) Hyperion, (5) Iapetus, (6) Theia and (7) Rhea, (8) Themis, (9) Mnemnosynê, (10) Phoebê, and fair-featured (11) Tethys. Last of all she gave birth to (12) Cronus, that scheming intriguer, cleverest child of her brood, who hated his lecherous father. Hesiod, Theogony (126 – 38) The Titans

11. Titans six male, six female Most Titans hardly more than names Take no role in subsequent Greek myth

12. The Titans Oceanus – Tethys Homer’s alternate cosmology makes them the primordial parents of all the gods Ancient geography –Oceanus rims the world –Sky is a dome over it The Oceanids

13. The Titans Phoebê = “brilliant,” “shinning” Themis = “settled law” –Occupied Delphi before Apollo –Zeus + Themis => Mnemosynê Iapetus = Jepheth (?) Cronus + Rhea –Parents or grandparents of the Olympians

14. Cyclops, Hecatonchires Also children of Gaea and Uranus Cyclops –Not the Cyclops of Homer (Polyphemos) –Blacksmiths for the gods –Brontes (“Thunderer”), Steropes (“flasher”), Arges (“brightener”)

15. Cyclops, Hecatonchires Hecatonchires (“hundred-handers”) –Also fifty heads –Cottus, Briareus, Gyes

16. Hyperion’s Children: Sun, Moon, Sun Hyperion (“he who goes above”) Father of Helius, another sun god Selenê (moon) Eos (dawn) Homeric Hymn to Helius The Story of Phaëthon in Ovid 1.750-Ovid 1.750

17. Hyperion’s Children: Sun, Moon, Sun Clymenê The hasty promise Etiology: why the Ethiopians are black Eridanus (Po) river Heliades = > poplar trees and golden amber Phaethon’s fall in art

18. Hyperion’s Children: Sun, Moon, Sun Selenê and Endymion –Endymion placed in eternal sleep Eos –Tithonus –Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite 5Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite 5

19. Cronus Against Uranus Uranus stuffing newly born Titans back into Gaea Cronus, the youngest, castrates Uranus with a sickle Blood from the severed genitals becomes the Erinyes

20. The Birth of Aphrodite, Monsters and Sea Deities Aphrodite springs up from the “foam” at Cythera –Birth of Aphrodite in modern artBirth of Aphrodite in modern art Monsters Altered Egyptian and Mesopotamian archetypes: –Harpies, Sirens, SphinxHarpiesSirensSphinx

21. The Birth of Aphrodite, Monsters and Sea Deities Combined human and animal parts –Gorgons, Geryon, Cerberus, ChimeraGorgonsCerberusChimera Natural animals, but with special powers –Ceto, Graeae, Nemaean Lion, Nereus (the Nereids – Thetis)

22. Next Zeus’s battles | Near Eastern Creation Myths