1. Valence electrons The number of electrons an atom has in its outermost shell Chapter 4 Text starts page 114

2. What happens to electrons  Most of the elements we’ve seen have 8 spots for electrons in their valence orbitals  If all 8 spots are filled with electrons, the atom is stable (unreactive). Atoms tend to react with each other until they reach a stable # of 8 electrons  Atoms with 5, 6, 7 valence electrons gain electrons from other atoms to reach 8 in their valence shell.  Atoms with 4, 3, 2, 1 electrons tend to lose their electrons to the atoms with 5 or more valence electrons, to empty their valence down to the next full level of electrons. When they get down to this full valence, then they’re stable, too. 

3. Valence electrons The number of electrons an atom has in its outermost shell

4. Bonding Ionic Bond vs Covalent Ionic This attraction is between 2 opposite charges.  Example includes formation of NaCl  Electrons are transferred in ionic bonding  Characteristics include compounds that make crystals, conduct electricity and have high melting points

5. Ionic Bond Occurs when opposites attract. Electrons are transferred Ionic Bond Intro http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qf07-8Jhhpc Complete these questions after the Podcast 1. What do ionic bonds hold together? 2. What is an ion? 3. Name 4 examples of compounds held by ionic bonds 4. What makes NaCl stick together? Explain.

6. Bonding Ionic Bond vs. Covalent  Covalent Bonding  A chemical bond that forms when 2 elements share electrons  Usually forms between non metals  Often include oxygen, carbon, nitrogen and halogens.  Atoms are attracted and share electrons at same time

7. Covalent Bonds A bond that forms when 2 elements share electrons Both atoms are attracted to the electrons at the same time Complete workbook pages 43-48

8. Podcast calculating valence electrons http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r-6Muq8jEAM Visit the site http://www.softschools.com Practice Periodic Tablehttp://www.softschools.com

9. Electron Configuration Table

11. Practice Electron Configuration