1. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.1 (a) (b) (e) (d) (g) (f) (c) Circular (orbicularis oris) (b) Convergent (pectoralis major) (c) Parallel (sartorius) (d) Unipennate (extensor digitorum longus) (f) Fusiform (biceps brachii) (g) Multipennate (deltoid) (e) Bipennate (rectus femoris)

2. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.4 Shoulder Arm Forearm Pelvis/thigh Thigh Leg Head Facial Neck Thorax Abdomen Thigh Leg Trapezius Deltoid Triceps brachii Biceps brachii Brachialis Pronator teres Brachioradialis Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Iliopsoas Pectineus Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Fibularis longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Temporalis Epicranius, frontal belly Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Orbicularis oris Sternohyoid Sternocleidomastoid Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Intercostals External oblique Rectus abdominis Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae Adductor longus Gracilis Gastrocnemius Soleus Masseter Platysma

3. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.5 Arm Triceps brachii Brachialis Forearm Brachioradialis Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Iliotibial tract Leg Gastrocnemius Soleus Fibularis longus Neck Epicranius, occipital belly Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Shoulder Hip Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Thigh Biceps femoris Adductor magnus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Latissimus dorsi Rhomboid major Infraspinatus Deltoid Teres major Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis longus Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Hamstrings:

4. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.6 Corrugator supercilii Orbicularis oculi Levator labii superioris Zygomaticus minor and major Buccinator Risorius Orbicularis oris Mentalis Depressor labii inferioris Depressor anguli oris Platysma Galea aponeurotica Frontal belly Occipital belly Temporalis Masseter Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Splenius capitis Epicranius

5. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.7a Orbicularis oris Temporalis Masseter Buccinator (a)

6. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.7b Lateral pterygoid Medial pterygoid Masseter pulled away (b)

7. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.7c Tongue Styloid process Styloglossus Hyoglossus Stylohyoid Hyoid bone Thyrohyoid Genioglossus Mandibular symphysis Geniohyoid Thyroid cartilage (c)

8. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.8a Mylohyoid Anterior belly Posterior belly Stylohyoid (cut) Thyrohyoid Thyroid cartilage of the larynx Median raphe Sternothyroid Stylohyoid Hyoid bone Omohyoid (superior belly) Sternohyoid Sternocleido- mastoid Omohyoid (inferior belly) Digastric Thyroid gland (a)

9. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.8c Buccinator Tensor veli palatini Levator veli palatini Superior pharyngeal constrictor Middle pharyngeal constrictor Hyoid bone Thyrohyoid membrane Inferior pharyngeal constrictor Esophagus Mandible Mylohyoid (cut) Geniohyoid Hyoglossus Thyroid cartilage of larynx Trachea Styloid process (c)

10. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.9a 1st cervical vertebra Sternocleido- mastoid (a) Anterior Base of occipital bone Middle scalene Anterior scalene Posterior scalene Mastoid process

11. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.9b Splenius capitis Spinous processes of the vertebrae Splenius cervicis Mastoid process (b) Posterior

12. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.9d Mastoid process of temporal bone Semispinalis capitis Semispinalis cervicis Multifidus Quadratus lumborum Semispinalis thoracis Longissimus capitis Iliocostalis cervicis Longissimus cervicis Iliocostalis thoracis Longissimus thoracis Spinalis thoracis Iliocostalis lumborum External oblique Iliocostalis Longissimus Erector spinae Spinalis Ligamentum nuchae (d)

13. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.10a External intercostal (a) Internal intercostal

14. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.10b Foramen for esophagus Costal cartilage Lumbar vertebra Xiphoid process of sternum Diaphragm Quadratus lumborum Psoas major Foramen for inferior vena cava Central tendon of diaphragm Foramen for aorta 12th rib (b)

15. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.11a Transversus abdominis Internal oblique External oblique Aponeurosis of the external oblique (a) Pectoralis major Linea alba Tendinous intersection Rectus abdominis Inguinal ligament (formed by free inferior border of the external oblique aponeurosis) Serratus anterior

16. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.11b Transversus abdominis Inguinal ligament Lumbar fascia Lumbar fascia Internal oblique Pubic tubercle Rectus abdominis External oblique (b) IIiac crest

17. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12a Pelvic diaphragm Symphysis pubis (a) Levator ani Piriformis Posterior Anterior Coccyx Coccygeus Obturator internus IIiococcygeus Levator ani Pubococcygeus Urogenital diaphragm Urethra Vagina Anal canal

18. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12b Inferior pubic ramus External urethral sphincter Urethral opening Vaginal opening Deep transverse perineal muscle Central tendon Anus External anal sphincter Male (b) Female

19. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.12c Male Female Penis Midline raphe Ischiocavernosus Clitoris Urethral opening Anus Vaginal opening Bulbospongiosus Superficial transverse perineal muscle Levator ani (c) Gluteus maximus

20. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.13a Subclavius Clavicle Subscapularis Pectoralis minor Coracobrachialis Serratus anterior Humerus Sternocleido- mastoid Deltoid Pectoralis major Sternum Biceps brachii (a)

21. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.13c Trapezius (c) Levator scapulae Supraspinatus Clavicle Spine of scapula Infraspinatus Teres minor Humerus Deltoid Teres major Latissimus dorsi Rhomboid minor Rhomboid major

22. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.14a Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Lateral head Long head Medial head Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis (a) Anterior view

23. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.14b Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula (b) Posterior view Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres major Triceps brachii: Latissimus dorsi Humerus Olecranon process of ulna Lateral head Long head Anconeus * Rotator cuff muscles

24. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.14a Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Lateral head Long head Medial head Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis (a) Anterior view

25. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.14b Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula (b) Posterior view Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres major Triceps brachii: Latissimus dorsi Humerus Olecranon process of ulna Lateral head Long head Anconeus * Rotator cuff muscles

26. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.15a Biceps brachii Tendon of biceps brachii Pronator teres Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus Flexor retinaculum Medial head of triceps brachii Medial epicondyle of humerus Flexor carpi radialis Palmar aponeurosis Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis (a)

27. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.15c Supinator Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris (cut) Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Thenar muscles of thumb Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Lumbricals Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis (cut) Pronator quadratus Flexor digitorum profundus (c)

28. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.16a Insertion of triceps brachii Anconeus Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digiti minimi Extensor indicis Tendons of extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus Extensor expansion (a) Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi radialis longus Brachioradialis Tendons of extensor digitorum

29. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.16b Olecranon process of ulna Interossei Anconeus Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indicis (b)

30. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.18a Flexor digitorum profundus Tendons of: Flexor digitorum superficialis Third lumbrical Fourth lumbrical Opponens digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Abductor digiti minimi Pisiform bone Flexor carpi ulnaris tendon Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons Flexor pollicis longus Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor retinaculum Abductor pollicis longus Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Adductor pollicis Dorsal interossei First lumbrical Second lumbrical Fibrous sheath (a) First superficial layer Tendons of:

31. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.18b Flexor digitorum profundus tendon Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon Palmar interossei Opponens digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis (cut) Abductor digiti minimi (cut) Flexor pollicis longus tendon Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Adductor pollicis Dorsal interossei (b) Second layer

32. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.18c Palmar interossei (c) Palmar interossei (isolated)

33. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.18d Dorsal interossei (d) Dorsal interossei (isolated)

34. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.19a Psoas minor Iliac crest Psoas major Iliopsoas 12th rib Quadratus lumborum Iliacus Anterior superior iliac spine Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus Sartorius Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis (a) Adductor magnus Patella Patellar ligament Tendon of quadriceps femoris 12th thoracic vertebra 5th lumbar vertebra Adductor longus Gracilis

35. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.20a Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Adductor magnus Gracilis Iliotibial tract Long head Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Short head Biceps femoris Hamstrings (a)

36. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.19b (b) O = origin I = insertion Adductor magnus Pectineus (cut) Adductor brevis Adductor longus Femur

37. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.20c Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Gluteus medius (cut) Gluteus minimus Piriformis Obturator externus Quadratus femoris Gluteus maximus (cut) (c)

38. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.19a Psoas minor Iliac crest Psoas major Iliopsoas 12th rib Quadratus lumborum Iliacus Anterior superior iliac spine Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus Sartorius Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis (a) Adductor magnus Patella Patellar ligament Tendon of quadriceps femoris 12th thoracic vertebra 5th lumbar vertebra Adductor longus Gracilis

39. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.20a Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus Adductor magnus Gracilis Iliotibial tract Long head Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Short head Biceps femoris Hamstrings (a)

40. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.21a Fibularis longus Gastrocnemius Tibia Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Soleus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius Extensor hallucis brevis Extensor digitorum brevis Superior and inferior extensor retinacula (a)

41. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.22a Patella Head of fibula Gastrocnemius Soleus Fibularis longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius Fibularis brevis Flexor hallucis longus Fibular retinaculum Lateral malleolus Superior and inferior extensor retinacula Extensor digitorum brevis 5th metatarsal Extensor hallucis brevis (a)

42. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.23a Gastrocnemius Plantaris Medial head Lateral head Tendon of gastrocnemius Calcaneal tendon Medial malleolus Lateral malleolus Calcaneus (a) Superficial view of the posterior leg.

43. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.23c Gastrocnemius medial head (cut) Flexor digitorum longus Tendon of tibialis posterior Medial malleolus Calcaneal tendon (cut) Calcaneus Fibularis brevis Flexor hallucis longus Fibularis longus Fibula Tibialis posterior Soleus (cut) Popliteus Gastrocnemius lateral head (cut) Plantaris (cut) (c) The triceps surae has been removed to show the deep muscles of the posterior compartment.

44. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.21a Fibularis longus Gastrocnemius Tibia Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Soleus Extensor hallucis longus Fibularis tertius Extensor hallucis brevis Extensor digitorum brevis Superior and inferior extensor retinacula (a)

45. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.24a Tendon of flexor hallucis longus Lumbricals Flexor hallucis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor accessorius Abductor digiti minimi Calcaneal tuberosity (a) First layer (plantar aspect)

46. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.24b Lumbricals Flexor hallucis brevis Flexor digitorum longus (tendon) Flexor digiti minimi brevis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor accessorius Fibularis longus (tendon) Flexor digitorum longus (tendon) Flexor hallucis longus (tendon) Flexor hallucis longus tendon (b) Second layer (plantar aspect)

47. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.24c Adductor hallucis (transverse head) Adductor hallucis (oblique head) Interosseous muscles Flexor hallucis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Fibularis longus (tendon) Flexor accessorius Flexor digitorum longus (tendon) Flexor hallucis longus (tendon) (c) Third layer (plantar aspect)

48. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.24d Plantar interossei (d) Fourth layer (plantar aspect): plantar interossei