1. AP US History Chapter One

2. The Development of the Americas vs Europe 1) Americas developed in isolation 2) No real large scale use of domesticated large mammals in the Americas 3) Lack of domestication led to a lack of immunities to diseases in the Americas 4) The north south axis in the Americas prevented the spread of crops and technology in the Americas

3. The Bering Strait Land Bridge brought nomadic tribes that developed into 100’s of tribes & over 400 languages

4. Pre-Columbus map of America tribes. Tribes were 250-300 semi-nomadic people & maize was their staple crop

5. 3 Sisters agricultural method of American Indians

6. Hohokam, Anasazi & Pueblo SW tribes lived in cliff dwellings & used massive irrigation systems for their crops

7. NW settlements lived in isolated mountain regions with rich diets based on hunting, fishing and agriculture

8. Northwestern tribes used totem poles to record their history and religious observances

9. The Plains Natives followed the Buffalo for their source of life on foot until the advent of the horse from the Spanish

10. The plains natives used all parts of the Buffalo in order to survive. The Sioux became one of the dominant tribes

11. The Mississippians of the Mid-West dominated the Mississippi River Valleys

12. The Northeast was dominated by the warlike Iroquois Confederacy living in longhouses by the mother’s lineage

13. The Atlantic coast natives lived in timber/bark lodges & farmed & fished along the many rivers

14. American Indians tended to live w/ nature as opposed to Europeans who worked to tame it

15. Polynesian sailors landing on the West Coast of South America

16. 500 years ago there is strong evidence that the Kingdom of Mali sailed 150 ships safely to Central America

17. There’s new evidence of the Knights of the Templar landing in northeastern North America

18. The Vikings absolutely landed in Greenland and Northeastern Canada

19. Portuguese sugar plantations of Sao Tome & Principe used African slaves

20. Isabella & Ferdinand united Spain, defeated the Moors, started a nation state launching Age of Exploration

21. Spain used Christianity to justify its powerful navy to impose its will on American Indians

22. Gutenberg's printing press spread knowledge rapidly across Europe during the Renaissance

23. The magnetic compass replaced the astrolabe. It originated in China & spread to the Middle East then Europe

24. Caravels helped ships sail against the wind w/ their triangular sails

25. Other European advances that allowed for exploration Improved rudders for steering Greater mapmaking abilities that helped spread knowledge of wind and ocean patterns Improved waterproofing techniques learned from the Chinese & Arabs

27. Early European Exploration of the Americas w/ the technological advances after the Renaissance

29. The Conquistadors treated the American Indians brutally in their quest for riches

30. Small pox

31. The Ecomienda System left most American Indians dead in spite of being baptized as a Catholic

32. Early European colonization of the Americas

33. Pope’s Rebellion in modern day New Mexico only brought about 17 years of relief for the American Indians