1. Bill Egan Institute for Defense Analyses 20 th Annual Test & Evaluation Conference & Exhibition March 1-4, 2004 Encroachment Impacts on OT&E of Advanced Weapon Systems

2. SECDEF VIEW “Each year that goes by, there are greater and greater pressures on them.” Encroachment “is a problem that is real, it is serious. The United States needs bases, it needs ranges, it needs test ranges. And it cannot provide the training and testing that people need before they go into battle unless those kinds of facilities are available.” Testimony to the Senate Armed Services Committee, January 11, 2001

3. ENCROACHMENT PRESSURES Work Both Ways Radio Frequency Needs Noise Generation & Abatement Endangered Species and Provision of Wildlife Habitat Maritime Needs Cultural Interests on Military Lands Population Encroachment Military Ability to Test & Train Commercial Airspace Reduced Flexibility for the Military and the Community Commercial Development Wilderness Designations Air Quality Munitions Constituents Noise Generation & Abatement Military Airspace Dust & Smoke Mission Realignment & Consolidation Radio Frequency Requirements Need for Water Alternative Energy Sources Light Pollution

4. POPULATION, DOD RANGES AND AIRSPACE

5. RUNNING OUT OF SPACE Indirect impact of increasing scarcity of public lands in the east….

6. AIR, LAND & SEA SPACE Altitude 250-400 meters Submunition Dispense Target Motor Burn Canards Deploy Dispense Pattern Based on IMU & GPS Guided Flight Begins Weapon Footprints getting larger Need large contiguous area for end-to-end testing ERGM -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 CROSSRANGE (nmi) 020406080100120140160180 5” Gun ERGM Land Attack Cruise Missile (Notional) DOWNRANGE (nmi)

7. RANGE SPACE REQUIREMENTS Higher performance systems Stand-off & long-range weapons Increasingly sophisticated training Smaller Force Doesn’t Mean Reduced Range/Airspace Need

8. FREQUENCY SPECTRUM NEEDS 190 210 230 250 270 290 310 19601970198019902000 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 Bit Rate (Kbps) Spectrum Allocation (MHz) F/A-18 E/F F-22 F-15 B-2 C-17 JDAM F-16 SM-2 II SM-2 IVA In 1986, the data rate for the F-15 was 256 Kbps Transducer data ( Accelerations, pressures, temperatures, vibrations, stress, fluid quantities, fluid flows, voltages, currents) Avionics bus data * In 1997, the data rate for the F-22 was 5 Mbps Transducer data Avionics bus data Video data Heads Up Display data The data rate requirements for future hypersonic aircraft will be astronomical

9. AIRSPACE CONGESTION

10. LFA SONAR T&E DELAYED

11. OFFICE of NAVAL RESEARCH LITTORAL TESTS DELAYED  Over the last 6 years, 78% of research of mine and shallow water submarine detection delayed, scaled back, or cancelled  The last 4 years, 9 of 10 tests affected and 17 associated projects scaled back  Navy sued by an NGO in Fall 2001 to stop shallow water testing  Court sided with Navy but left each individual test open to litigation over environmental compliance  Court also ruled NEPA applies outside US Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Predecisional – DRAFT for discussion

12. WHAT ARE WE DOING?? We Must Not Respond to Encroachment By Retreating to Our Base Boundary. Standing In Your Bathtub As Your House Burns Around You Is A Good Way to Be Incinerated. DoD Is Actively Pursuing A Readiness And Ranges Preservation Initiative (RRPI)

13. Questions ? Serving our Country… Preserving our Freedom…