1. Tissue Congestion Relief Client: Dr. Doug Reinemann Advisor: Professor John Webster Team Members: Chelsea Wanta - Co-leader Tony Schuler - Co-leader Emily Andrews - Communicator Tyler Vovos - BWIG Steve Welch - BSAC

2. Presentation Outline Problem Statement Background Summary of PDS Current Milking Machines Design Alternatives Udder Vacuum Reduced Liner Vacuum Support Arm Design Matrix Future Work References

3. Problem Statement Strong vacuum force Fluid collection in teat Congestion and edema Painful Reduces milking speed Bacterial infection Hyperkeratinization  Lost production time

4. Background Periodic compression Massage induces circulation Minimizes effects of vacuum force Recovery Positive pressure Optimizes time in milking parlor

5. Background

6. Summary of PDS Reduces congestion High milking rate Intuitive & convenient Addition to existing machine Sterile Weight ≤ 2.3 kg Constant pressure of 32-40 kPa

7. Current Milking Machines Components Claw Teat cups Milk and vacuum hoses Connection hoses Milk and vacuum pipes Pulsator

8. Current Milking Machines Constant vacuum for milk extraction Alternating atmospheric and vacuum pressure Milking and massage phases Inadequate tissue congestion relief

9. Udder Vacuum Suction cup and vacuum Alternating positive pressure massage +Maximum congestion relief - Mechanically complicated

10. Reduced Liner Vacuum Reduced vacuum pressure Alternating positive pressure massage + Easy to fabricate and implement - Vacuum may hinder congestion relief

11. Support Arm Relieves claw weight Positive pressure massage +Requires no additional vacuum - Difficult to maintain and implement - Only applicable to herring-bone parlors

12. Design Matrix Congestion Relief (50) Attachment Support (15) Ease of Use (15) Durability (10) Cost (10) TOTAL (100) Udder Vacuum 4015105575 Reduced Liner Vacuum 35101510 80 Support Arm 40555560

13. Future Work Continue congestion research Finalize design Build prototype Implement prototype in milking lab Test prototype Ultrasound Pressure sensor

14. References Mein, Graeme A., and Douglas J. Reinemann. "ACTION OF THE CLUSTER DURING MILKING."

15. Questions…