1. Intro to Industrial Technology Unit # 1 INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGY Chapter 2 Notes

2. Ch. 2 Objectives After completing this chapter students should be able to: Discuss technology as a response to human needs Discuss technology as a human-made system Discuss the parts of a technological system List and describe the inputs of technological systems Describe the two major types of processes used by technology Describe feedback as it is used in technological systems

3. Technology Systems What makes one? Technology Systems..... work together to perform in a predictable way share common characteristics 1. Arise out a human need 2. They are designed and developed by people 3. They integrate resources to produce outputs 4. They have consequences to people, society, and environment 5. They are evaluated by people 6. In time they are modified or abandoned are totally human entities!!

4. Technology System Components The components of a technological system are: 1. Inputs: elements that flow into the system and are consumed 2. Processes: action part of the system. Two Major Types. 3. Outputs: desired and some undesired results of the system 4. Feedback: regulates or makes adjustments to the system 5. Goals: Reason for having the system. Two Major Goals!

5. Technological System INPUTS Inputs into a technological system are: 1. People: most important input; involved in every aspect of a system 2. Materials: all natural matter that is directly or indirectly used in the system 3. Tools: the technical means of manipulating parts of the system 4. Energy: the ability to do work. Powers the processes 5. Information: (knowledge & data) “I know and I understand!” 6. Finances: Money needed to purchase resources required by the system 7. Time: all activities in a system use time; fixed amount/day

6. Technological System Processes All technological systems are characterized by action; steps to be taken. The steps to complete system tasks are called processes. There are two main types of processes – Problem- Solving Processes & Transformational Processes. Problem-Solving Processes involve procedures necessary to develop the technological system. These are the creative actions. Process uses the problem-solving model. Transformational Processes involve changing inputs into outputs Two major categories – Production Processes & Management Process.

7. Transformational Processes Production Processes – Actions taken to change raw materials into products. They include: Analyzing – planning & design Obtaining – material receiving Producing – plant action taken on materials Delivering – getting the product out (shipping) Operating – people using & maintaining machines & tools Management Processes – Actions to ensure quality in production. Planning – establishment of plans Organizing – establishment of operational procedures Actuating – providing emphasis to start operations Controlling – directing and managing personnel

8. Technological System OUTPUTS The entire reason for having a system. The desired output will meet a human need or want! Outputs = Desired, Undesired, & Unexpected results Desired Results – The reason the system is created! Undesired Results – Waste, Scrap, Pollution, Social Unrest Unexpected Results – Not anticipated or expected & may be good or bad.

9. Technological System Feedback The adjustment, control, or evaluation tool of a system. This part maintains a functional and useful system that creates useful quality products. Without feedback a system has poor odds of making a useful or desired product.

10. Technological System Feedback (Cont’d) Feedback monitors a system! Feedback controls a system! Feedback evaluates a system!

11. Technological System GOALS There are two main general goals for every technological system. Must meet a human need or want !! Must create an opportunity to benefit the individual or company that creates it !!

12. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary Technology Systems are developed: to create new technology to control a technology to enhance a technology to work in a predictable way & achieve desired results. for humans by humans to meet needs & wants

13. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) There are five parts to a Technology System 1. Inputs: elements flowing into the system 2. Processes: Actions taken to change inputs into outputs. 3. Outputs: Results of the system 4. Feedback: Regulates, maintains quality 5. Goals: General reason for having a system

14. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) Inputs: Resources needed by the system (7) People Materials Tools Energy Knowledge Money Time

15. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) Processes: Actions taken on resources Two Main Types of Processes Problem-Solving Processes Transformational Processes Production Processes Management Processes

16. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) Outputs: Results of having the system Desired Results Undesired Results Unexpected Results

17. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) Feedback: Maintains Quality Monitors Controls Evaluates

18. Technology System Ch. 2 Summary (Cont’d) Goals – Two Reasons to have a system Meet a human need or want To make money The End