1. Livelihoods & Persons of Concern Background Nearly half of refugees in world today are caught in protracted situations with bleak durable solutions Increase in new conflicts and natural disasters Humanitarian imperative to actively seek self-reliance strategies Reappraise protracted refugee settings through a self- reliance lens Create enabling environment - working with governments of countries of asylum to expand opportunities for refugees, encouraging host communities to be part of the solution IDPs and returnees very different situation to refugees

2. Three theories of change

3. Strengthen livelihoods while ensuring basic food and nutrition needs are met Sphere of control – more focus on a self-reliance lens through programming Encourage an enabling environment for increased self-reliance for refugees Sphere of influence – Work with governments of countries of asylum to expand opportunities for refugees, engage more strategically with actors and encourage host communities to be part of the solution. UNHCR & WFP Draft Joint Strategy Enhancing Self-Reliance in Protracted Refugee Situations

4. (DFID) Sustainable Livelihood Framework

5. AFGHANISTAN: Cash for Assets & Vocational Skills training for IDPs Challenges of KYC and ID PHILIPPINES: Mindanao agricultural livelihoods projects for returnees Targeting based on vulnerability rather than status MYANMAR: Resettled IDPs in Northern Shan state – road renovations and fish pond construction, reduces negative coping mechanisms PAKISTAN: IDPs displaced from the North Waziristan Agency – CBT for livestock training WFP LIVELIHOODS EXAMPLES

6. Legal status to work Access to documentation Cut off from labour markets leading to negative coping strategies, risky livelihoods, protection risks and exploitation Employed in dangerous tasks, lower pay than host population Limited land access for farming or grazing limits livelihood opportunities KEY CHALLENGES

7. Involvement and empowerment of displacement communities and their hosts – refugees and IDPs often integrated within vibrant and complex economic systems The frequent need for a combination of humanitarian and development inputs – funding cycles Livelihood value chain assessment– not tokenism, need scale and strategic use of livelihoods, shift in dynamic to what is marketable Building on the existing skills and strategies of displaced people Protection of workers – insurance Working creatively within restrictive policy frameworks Opportunities for livelihoods engagement

8. World Food Programme Thank You