1. PS ERC EC Meeting Systems Stem New Research Initiatives

2. New Approach To Generating Research Ideas Rather than generating Ideas for Summer Retreat in the May IAB meeting, I took an approach to proactively solicit research ideas at the December IAB. Before the IAB meeting in Phoenix, sent out message to industry members of the System Stem and asked for volunteers to present specific research ideas at the meeting. On 12/10/2003 – WED Evening of the IAB meeting in Phoenix had a Systems Stem Meeting where these presentations were made. This material was further revised following the IAB meeting in Pittsburgh where a detailed discussion was held to assign priorities and refine some of the ideas suggested.

3. New Topics Identified Decentralized Analysis and Intelligence –Use substation automation to conduct several critical computations locally. –Topology processing –Alarm processing –Historical database for contingency analysis Improved SCADA in terms of data scanning and periodicity Differentiating between topology and measurement errors – Use PMU measurements to remove measurement errors

4. New Topics Identified State Estimator vulnerability during major outages. Enhanced SE data presentation and visualization. Standardization of SE function. Wide area measurements using IEDS. Improved restoration. Distributed SE.

5. New Topics Identified Control Center using of phasor angle measurements. At present they are not very operator friendly. CAL ISO would help other PSERC members get started in this area because they have lot of experience. Need to augment SE with phasor measurements Reprocessing of PMU angle differences – Tagging to reference How do we guide companies to install PMUs

6. Reference on PMU Installation Eastern PMU Project –Offline –Online –Implementation –Business –Standards Check this web site http://phasors.pnl.gov/http://phasors.pnl.gov/

7. New Topics Identified: PMU Study Uses of PMU data on-line Uses of PMU data off-line. PSS/E doesn’t come with a procedure describing how to use the data. How to manage the data? Security? Real-time availability? Use of PMU measurements for control - Feasibility Uses may be Markets or Systems-related Performance standards, hardware needs

8. New Topics Identified Special Protection schemes and Remedial action schemes need to be examined for large regional areas. Techniques for coordinated operation between large interconnections should be developed. Remedial schemes should examine use of system wide signals In order to account for uncertainty risk based operation should be analyzed

9. New Topics Identified Transmission Grid Impact of Wind Generators Appropriate Models Appropriate level of penetration to provide compensation Appropriate level of penetration at which control and operation will become a problem Reactive Power Issues Scheduling and other operational issues Interaction of Wind and Biomass and low head hydro Analysis tools with hundreds of generators – examine dynamic behavior and flicker

10. New Topics Identified: Load Characteristic Modeling Better load models are needed for power system analysis, particularly post-disturbance models (voltage, power outage, etc.). Current transient models are very inaccurate. Need to understand motor load characteristics, including newer motor designs. This could involve lab analyses. Is it possible to create models from a system perspective based on observed load responses to disturbances? Switching power supplies need to be modeled Statistical model for loads Monitoring load data in substations

11. New Topics Identified: Reactive Power Planning, Long term Planning Need to develop reactive power planning capability in real time Long term planning and operating standards for bulk system – What should be reasonable standards.