1. EASTERN EUROPE IQP # 20: Because of the Cold War, many Eastern European Nations have had to struggle to catch up economically with western European powers.

2. Physical Geography  Mountains  Dinaric  Balkan Carpathian Mtns  Carpathian  Transylvanian  PlainsBalkan Mtns  Northern European Plain  Great Hungarian Plain  Rivers  Danube Danube River

3. Climate and Resources  Climate  Most of Eastern Europe Long, snowy winters and short, rainy summers  Adriatic coast Mediterranean climate  Resources  Minerals and Energy Resources coal, natural gas, oil, iron, lead, silver, sulfur, and zinc  Damage to the environment  During Soviet occupation they damaged the environment by building lots of factories and increasing pollution

4. History of Eastern Europe  Cultural Crossroads  Many different cultures make up Eastern Europe. Baltsearly peoples who lived along the Baltic sea Hunsaround the year 400 invaded this region from Asia Slavscame to this region from the plains north of the Black Sea Magyarsaround the year 800 moved into the Great Hungarian Plain Mongolsaround the year 1,200 came from Central Asia Germansaround the year 1,200 came from Germany  Each group of people brought its own language, religion, and customs.  Soviet Union  Most of Eastern Europe was part of the Soviet Union after World War II

5. Eastern Europe Today Poland, Hungary, The Czech Republic, and Slovakia  Capital  Poland/Warsaw  Hungary/Budapest  Czech Republic/Prague  Slovakia/Bratislava  Government  All countries are a democracy  Foods  Potatoes and sausages  Fish including trout and carp  Many foods are preserved to survive the long winter.  Language  Poland/Polish  Hungary/Hungarian  Czech Republic/Czech  Slovakia/Slavak  Religion  All countries are Roman Catholic  Culture  Frederic Chopin/famous Polish pianist  Marie Curie/first female physicist  Franz Kafka/writer  Nicolaus Copernicus/Astronomer

6. Balkans

7. History of the Balkans  Ottoman Empire  The Balkans were part of the Ottoman Empire from the fall of Rome until World War I Large Muslim Region  World War I  Balkanization the process of a region breaking up into small, mutually hostile units  Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand Killed by a Serb nationalist Started World War I

8. History of the Balkans  Yugoslavia  Created after World War I A country made up of Serbs, Bosnians, Croatians, and Albanians Controlled by Soviet Union  Post Soviet Union  Civil War in the 1990 Fought over ethnic and religious differences Ethnic conflict between Serbs and Albanians

9. Eastern Europe Today Bosnia & Herzegovina, Albania, Kosovo, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia  Capital  Bosnia & Herzegovina/Sarajevo  Albania/Tirane  Croatia/Zegreb  Serbia/Belgrade  Slovenia/Ljubljana  Government  Bosnia & Herzegovina/Democracy  Albania/Democracy  Croatia/Democracy  Serbia/Democracy  Slovenia/Democracy  Culture  Ethnic and Religious Conflict  Language  Bosnia & Herzegovina/Bosnia, Serbian, Croatian  Albania/Albanian  Croatia/Croatian  Serbia/Slavic  Slovenia/Slovene  Religion  Bosnia & Herzegovina/Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Christianity  Albania/Islam  Croatia/Roman Catholic  Serbia/Eastern Orthodox Christianity  Slovenia/Roman Catholic

10. Eastern Europe Today Bulgaria, Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania  Capital  Bulgaria/Sofia  Macedonia/Skopje  Montenegro/Podgorica  Romania/Bucharest  Government  Bulgaria/Democracy  Macedonia/Democracy  Montenegro/Democracy  Romania/Democracy  Culture  Romania contains the Transylvania Alps where the story of Dracula originated.  Language  Bulgaria/Bulgarian  Macedonia/Slavic  Montenegro/Slavic  Romania/Romanian  Religion  Bulgaria/Eastern Orthodox  Macedonia/Eastern Orthodox  Montenegro/Eastern Orthodox  Romania/Eastern Orthodox

11. CONFLICT IN THE BALKANS

12. Balkans

13. Bosnia

14. Key Terms ADD Slide  Genocide  Deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, caste, religious, or national group.  Ethnic Cleansing  Policy of eliminating unwanted ethnic or religious groups by deportation, forcible displacement, or mass murder.

15. Different Ethnic Groups and Religions  The root of conflict between the different groups in the Balkans is difference in ethnicity and religion  After World War II the Balkans was united into one country called Yugoslavia.  Ruled by Josip Tito Tito died in 1980 and by 1990 a civil war occurred in the Balkans Led by Slobodan Milosevic the Serbs used ethnic cleansing to kill over 200,000 Bosnian and Croat Muslims

16. Different Ethnic Groups and Religions  Kosovo  Was a province of Serbia  They were mostly Albanian Muslims  They wanted independence from Serbia and fought for it.  Serbs killed many people in Kosovo through torture and execution  The United Nations became involved and Kosovo became an independent country in 2008. IQP # 21: The Bosnian Civil War limited the mixture of ethnic groups living in Bosnia.

17. BOSNIA CONFLICT: WARNING GRAPHIC MATARIAL  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RwEtn9VnnGo&has_verified=1&has_verified=1&client=mv- google&layout=tablet&app=desktop&ytsession=vibTyu0I38ncYqArLGNX6naoopYvrxZc2XIHY_22- 5k736Acwhu4EJd67e7KZfE_Z04p0A8ssmSn_qnghPEEc74vxwlpyVIRwMhkxNsIQL6f- Vwwqsw5bljqRcacsUxolsFKJUb8C3VGMq1YUeY9A0zrpRswxuRugoBjLxMW0IpgactAAQ4Q- abLJrm2VPxZb4UKE7mfpO9etWQ5HPKVVxkMLBBqmf2ZosEn9mvp4AZrRrcjDJ2Z11xC_sFhphZmaRIAVVIQk7hO- q5oLpKeOA  Stop at 255 and 415

18. Conflict: Northern Ireland Conflict: Bosnia Cultural Violence Between: Irish Catholics fighting vs Protestants from Great Britain for Control of Northern Ireland Ethnic and Religions Violence Between: Serbians, Croatians, Muslims for Control of Bosnia Conflicts over Nationalism: loyalty of a people to their values, traditions, and a geographic region. Most of Northern Ireland’s residents are descended from English and Scottish settlers. Serbian’s become the dominant group in the region after the conflict. Compare and Contract The Conflict in Northern Ireland with the Conflict in Bosnia.

19. EUROPEAN UNION

20. European Union (EU)  Formed in 1993  Has 27 members  Goal  To ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital  Establish free trade zones to help the economy of EU members  Regulate the environment, travel, economy, agriculture, and trade of its members through cooperation IQP # 23: The EU is only for European Countries and its main Purpose is to Increase Economic Growth of Member Nations IQP # 22: Almost all European nations have a democratic type governmental system which helps unify Europe governmentally and economically.