1. Unit 1 Living vs. Non-living Measurement Scientific Method

2. What is Science? Science is an ongoing study of our world. Why do people study science? To solve problems To invent new technology What is Biology? Biology is the study of life. Bio = - ology = life The study of

3. Living vs. Non-living Objectives: 1.Know the six characteristics all living things must have. 2. Know the four factors an organism needs to remain alive.

4. How do we know if something is alive? 1. Have one or more cells 2. Sense and respond to change 3. Reproduce 4. Have genetic material (DNA) 5. Use energy to carry out activities 6. Grow and develop Living things:

5. What do organisms need to stay alive? Living organisms need: 1. Energy 2. Water 3. Air 4. Shelter (A place to live)

6. Living vs. Non-living Poster Day 1: Look for living and non-living objects in magazines. You need to cut out 7 living and 7 non-living pictures. You can not use pictures of people, weapons, or anything inappropriate.

7. Living vs. Non-living Poster Day 2 & 3: Continue looking for 7 living and 7 non-living objects. After you have your pictures cut out you may get a piece of construction paper. You need to glue your pictures on the paper and decorate the poster. You must identify the objects and classify them as living or non-living. Make sure your name and class period are on the poster.

8. Living vs. Non-living Poster Day 4: Presentations You need to talk about 2 or 3 living and 2 or 3 non-living objects. You need to explain at least 1 of the 6 characteristics that makes the object living or non-living.

9. What do scientists do? - They do research and experiments to solve problems How do they do their job? Use safety procedures Use equipment Use measurement

10. Safety Rules 1. Know where safety equipment is. 2. DO NOT eat or drink in the lab! 3. Never taste chemicals! 4. Be careful with glassware. 5. Report cuts, spills, and broken glass to the teacher immediately. 6. Wash your hands after experiments 7. Wear goggles when working with chemicals. 8. Tie hair back when working with fire. 9. Use mitts or tongs to pick up hot glassware.

11. Measurement Objectives: 1. Know the appropriate metric unit for mass, volume, temperature and length. 2. Know the appropriate instrument for measuring mass, volume, temperature and length. 3. Know how to use a ruler, balance, thermometer and graduated cylinder and read measurements. 4. Know how to convert between metric units and determine larger or smaller measurements.

12. Measurement A measurement has two parts: - a number - a unit In Science, we always use metric units. All scientists use metric units so they can easily discuss results. MeasurementMetric Unit TemperatureCelsius ( 0 C) LengthMeter (m) MassGram (g) VolumeLiter (L)

13. Measurement Vocabulary Temperature: Length: Mass: Volume: is a measure of how hot or cold an object is. is a measure of the distance from one point to another. is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. is a measure of the amount of space an object takes up.

14. MeasurementInstrumentMetric Unit TemperatureThermometerCelsius LengthMetric RulerMeter MassBalanceGram Volume Graduated cylinder Liter

15. Metric Units Based on the power of 10 Conversions are the same you just change the unit How many millimeters long is the motor in the picture? www.psu.edu/ur/ heartdevices/tinymotor.htm How many centimeters long is the motor in the picture? 8 mm 0.8 cm millicentideciBASEdecahectokilo If you move to the right on the chart you move the decimal to the left. Left on the chart, move decimal to the right.

16. Metric Conversions kilo- hecto- deca- BASE deci- centi- milli- Move up Move decimal left Move down Move decimal right 1000 100 1 1/10 1/100 1/1000 10

17. Measuring length Use a ruler Line up from zero not the end of the ruler Small divisions are millimeters 01234

18. 10 mm = 1 cm 100 cm = 1 m 1000 mm = 1 m 1000 m = 1 km Metric Conversions Base units g = gram L = liter m = meter m = milli- c = centi- d = deci- da = deca- h = hecto- k = kilo- Prefixes

19. Conversion Activity Please convert the following measurements: A. 3.5 kg = ________ g B. 0.27 L = ________ mL C. 6.2 m = _________ cm D. 22.0 mm = ________ cm E. 55 mL = _______ L F. 3 cm = _______ m G. 15 dm = ________ m H. 22 cm = _______ mm I. 98 g = ________ kg J. 82.1 dm = ________ cm

20. COPY HOMEWORK on a separate sheet of paper Conversion Activity A. 5.6 grams to milligrams B. 125 centimeters to meters C. 1350 milliliters to liters D. 3000 grams to kilograms E. 25 decimeters to meters F. 4.2 liters to milliliters G. 357 milligrams to grams H. 0.85 kilometers to decimeters I. 14 millimeters to centimeters J. 67.5 centimeters to millimeters

21. September 22 nd Measurement Lab Purpose: Understand how to use a metric ruler and correctly measure 10 objects using mm or cm. ObjectMeasurement

22. Temperature 1. Converting Fahrenheit to Celsius o C = 5/9 x ( o F – 32) o C =.5555 x ( o F -32) 2. Converting Celsius to Fahrenheit o F = (9/5 x o C) + 32 o F = (1.8 x o C) + 32 Example: 85 o F o C =.5555 x (85 – 32) o C =.5555 x 53 = 29.4 o C Water oFoF oCoC Boiling Pt.212100 Melting Pt320

24. Measuring Volume Use a graduated cylinder. The water will curve in the cylinder. Hold it level with your eye. Read the bottom of the curve. Measures in milliliters mL. 10 20 30

25. Reading a graduated cylinder 1. Always read at eye level. 2. Read the volume at the bottom of the curve (meniscus). 3. Make sure you use the correct scale. Each mark = 1 mL Volume = 13 mL Each mark = 0.1 mL Volume = 5.5 mL

26. October 3 rd Temperature and Volume Lab Purpose: To understand how to use a thermometer and read a graduated cylinder. StationTemperature 1 2 3 4 StationVolume 1 2 3 4 5 6

27. Measuring Mass Use a triple beam balance First balance it at zero. Then put item on the pan. Then move one weight at a time. Start with the smallest scale. When balanced, add up the weights. Put all weights back to zero before removing object from the pan.

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29. www.edinformatics.com/ math_science/mass.htm

30. Get out your homework to be collected. Write down your homework in your agenda. Measurement Packet due Wednesday! Two people please pass out lab notebooks. Copy the following in your lab notebook. October 6 th Mass Lab Purpose: Understand how to use a triple beam balance and correctly weigh 10 objects. ObjectMeasurement

31. Scientific Method A series of steps used to answer a question or solve a problem. Six steps of the Scientific Method: 1. Ask a question. (What do you want to know?) 2. Develop a hypothesis. (An educated guess of the outcome.) 3. Test the hypothesis ( a. Design an experiment b. Collect data) 4. Analyze the data. (What does your data mean?) 5. Draw conclusions. (What did you learn?) 6. Communicate results.

32. Vocabulary Observation: Inference: To take notice Use your five senses Record what you observe Using your observations to form an opinion Not facts Data: Facts that are known to be true

33. Scientific Vocabulary Constant: Independent variable: Dependent variable: Control: A standard that is used to compare the outcome. Anything that does not change during an experiment. (manipulated variable) (responding variable) The thing you change in an experiment (ex. sunlight) The measure of change for the outcome (ex. plant height)