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4. RNA Splicing Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation > Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/biology?campaign_content=book_5887_section_115&campaign_term=Biology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=di rect&utm_source=boundless

5. Introns are intervening sequences within a pre-mRNA molecule that do not code for proteins and are removed during RNA processing by a spliceosome. Exons are expressing sequences within a pre-mRNA molecule that are spliced together once introns are removed to form mature mRNA molecules that are translated into proteins. Alternative splicing allows for the production of various protein isoforms from one single gene coding. A spliceosome is a complex comprised of both RNA molecules and proteins which determine which introns to leave out and which exons to keep and bind together. RNA Splicing Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/alternative-to-biological-science-volume-1-4th-scott-freeman-0321613473-9780321613479/gene- expression-without-bacterial-gene-regulation-18/eukaryotic-post-transcriptional-gene-regulation-115/rna-splicing-438- 11686?campaign_content=book_5887_section_115&campaign_term=Biology&utm_campaign=powerpoint&utm_medium=direct&utm_source=bou ndless Alternative Splicing View on Boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation > Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation

6. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Appendix

7. Key terms exon a region of a transcribed gene present in the final functional RNA molecule intron a portion of a split gene that is included in pre-RNA transcripts but is removed during RNA processing and rapidly degraded spliceosome a dynamic complex of RNA and protein subunits that removes introns from precursor mRNA Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation

8. Alternative Splicing There are five basic modes of alternative splicing. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Print." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/Figure_15_04_02.jpg View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/Figure_15_04_02.jpgView on Boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation

9. Mechanism of Splicing Alternative splicing can result in protein isoforms. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia. "Splicing overview." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Splicing_overview.jpg View on Boundless.comCC BY-SAhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Splicing_overview.jpgView on Boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation

10. Alternative Splicing Pre-mRNA can be alternatively spliced to create different proteins. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Connexions. "Basic CMYK." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/Figure_16_05_03.jpg View on Boundless.comCC BY 3.0http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/Figure_16_05_03.jpgView on Boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation

11. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation Which of the following best describes why humans have a similar gene number as do nematodes despite being a more complex organism? A) Nematodes have an excess of exons that are not used to produce proteins. B) Alternative splicing occurs in almost all human genes to produce multiple proteins. C) Splicing removes introns from the human genes to efficiently produce proteins. D) Splicing removes introns from the nematode genes to efficiently produce proteins.

12. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.comwww.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com/ Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation Which of the following best describes why humans have a similar gene number as do nematodes despite being a more complex organism? A) Nematodes have an excess of exons that are not used to produce proteins. B) Alternative splicing occurs in almost all human genes to produce multiple proteins. C) Splicing removes introns from the human genes to efficiently produce proteins. D) Splicing removes introns from the nematode genes to efficiently produce proteins.

13. Attribution Wikibooks. "Structural Biochemistry/Proteins/Signaling Control of Splicing Proteins." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Proteins/Signaling_Control_of_Splicing_ProteinsCC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Proteins/Signaling_Control_of_Splicing_Proteins Connexions. "Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/?collection=col11448/latestCC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/?collection=col11448/latest Connexions. "Eukaryotic Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/?collection=col11448/latestCC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44539/latest/?collection=col11448/latest Wiktionary. "spliceosome." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spliceosomeCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spliceosome Wikibooks. "Structural Biochemistry/Alternative Splicing." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Alternative_SplicingCC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Alternative_Splicing Wiktionary. "intron." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intronCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/intron Wiktionary. "exon." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/exonCC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/exon Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Gene Expression without Bacterial Gene Regulation