1. WP1:Definition & Production of the GRDI2020 Roadmap Roadmap Report To address the Technological, Organizational and Policy problems which hinder the building of large interoperable Data Infrastructures

2. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents Section 1: Executive Summary Section 2: Introduction Section 3: Methodology

3. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (II) Section 4: Current Data Landscape -Legal and Policy Landscape -Organization Landscape -Technology Landscape

4. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (III) Section 5: A Strategic Vision for an Advanced Global Data Infrastructure Section 6: Data-Intensive Science: Data Challenges

5. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (IV) Sub-Section 6.1: Data Modeling Challenges -Data Description -Data Context -Data Provenance -Data Quality

6. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (V) Sub-Section 6.2: Data Service Challenges (I) -Data Integration -Data Interoperability/Sharing -Data Interaction -Data Preservation

7. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (VI) Sub-Section 6.2: Data Service Challenges (II) -Data Analysis -Data Visualization -Data Linking -Data Personalization

8. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (VII) Sub-Section 6.2: Data Service Challenges (III) -Data Annotation -Interoperation of Science Literature and Science Data

9. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (VIII) Sub-Section 6.3: Data Management Challenges (I) -Data Acquisition -Data Archiving -Data Access/Discovery

10. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (IX) Sub-Section 6.3: Data Management Challenges (II) -Data Mining -Data Protection -Data Authentication

11. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (X) Sub-Section 6.4 : Organizational and Policy Challenges (I) -Data Stewardship -Data Curation -Data Use -Data Policies

12. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (XI) Sub-Section 6.4 : Organizational and Policy Challenges (II) -Data Life Cycle Management Planning -Organizational, Institutional, and Economic Changes -Science Data Centers: Cross-Institutional and/or Cross-National

13. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (XII) Sub-Section 6.5 : Data Infrastructure Challenges -Open and Extensible Infrastructures -Virtual Research Environments -Mediation Software -Data Tools -Computational Workflow Tools

14. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (XIII) Section 7 : Data-Intensive Science: -Need for a Long-Term Funding for Data-Intensive Research

15. Roadmap Report: Table of Contents (XIV) Section 7 : Data-Intensive Science: -Need for a for Data-Intensive Educational Program Section 8: Recommendations

16. Interoperability Issues Definition (IEEE) “The ability of two or more systems to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged”

17. Interoperability Issues (i)The two entities must be able to exchange “meaningful” information objects (ii)The consumer entity must be able to use the exchanged information in order to perform a set of tasks that depend on the utilization of this information

18. Interoperability Problems Two sources of problems: Heterogeneity of the exchanged information objects Inconsistency between the intended uses of the exchanged information object by provider and consumer

19. Types of Heterogeneity Types of heterogeneity to be overcome in order to achieve a “meaningful exchange”: syntactic heterogeneity structural heterogeneity semantic heterogeneity

20. Mismatching Possible causes for inconsistency between the intended uses of the exchanged information object by provider and consumer: Data-incomplete mismatching Quality mismatching

21. Auxiliary Information In order to make interoperable two entities the exchanged information must be complemented with some descriptive information Purpose-oriented descriptive data models/metadata models

22. Mediation The main concept enabling the meaningful exchange of information is mediation It is implemented by a software device that supports a mediation schema and an intermediation function between this schema and the distributed information sources

23. Intermediation Function A key feature which characterize a mediation process is the kind of intermediation function. There are four main functions: mapping matching integration consistency checking

24. Mediation Scenarios Mediation of data structures Mediation of functionalities Mediation of policies Mediation of protocols

25. Types of Interoperability Temporal Interoperability (data preservation) Secure Interoperability Functional Interoperability Behavioral Interoperability Policy Interoperability …………………………….