1. Prelim Lecture 2016-2017 2D Digital Animation Prelim Lecture 2016-2017

2. is the art of creating moving pictures (motion) through the use of computer technology. Computer Animation

3. 2D Animation A figures are created or edited on the computer using 2D bitmap graphics or created and edited using 2D vector graphics.bitmap graphicsvector graphics 3D Animation is digitally modeled and manipulated by an animator. The animator usually starts by creating a 3D polygon mesh to manipulate.polygon mesh

4. Tools of the Trade Fifty or sixty years ago, these tools would have been nothing more than paper, a pen and a pencil, but today there are entire applications and software suites dedicated to animation. Here is a list of few of the best animation apps for the 2D animation:

5. Synfig is a free, open source program for 2D animators that offers a powerful suite of tools that can be used to make anything from quick motion graphics to cinema quality animation.

6. Toon Boom Studio is an all in one animation application for beginners that is actually designed to teach you the fundamentals of 2D animation as you work. It’s full of powerful features that make the hardest parts of animation easy enough for an absolute novice to understand and execute. Special effects, lip syncing tools, and tween generation are all pre-packaged in Toon Boom Studio.

8. Adobe Flash is the most widely used piece of software for animations and motion graphics on the web and has been around for over 15 years. In terms of short 2D animations, games and interactive multimedia, Adobe Flash is the industry standard.

9. Storyboard Storyboarding is an important step in the animation process that simply can’t be overlooked. On larger productions like movies, storyboard artists will layout the storyboard for animators, but for smaller 2D animation projects, software like Storyboard allows smaller teams to translate their ideas into visual stories quickly and easily.

11. Creatoon Primarily used by animators looking to employ the “cut out” style of animation, Creatoon is a free and powerful piece of animation software that is praised for its ease of use. Learning Creatoon is intuitive and is extremely forgiving for such an in depth application.

13. Pencil Pencil is a more barebones studio application designed to resemble the traditional flipbook style animation. While it’s not a great program to create feature length animations, it is the perfect toolbox to use to practice the fundamentals of 2d animation.

15. The 12 Laws of Animation The 12 Principles of Animation The “12 Laws” or 12 basic principles of animation are a set of rules to adhere by for consistent and beautiful animation. First outlined by Ollie Johnston, the directing animator of Pinocchio, and Frank Thomas of Snow White and the Seven Dwarves fame, animation studios the world over look back to these tenants from the golden age of cartoons.

16. 1. Squash and Stretch The most important principle is "squash and stretch", the purpose of which is to give a sense of weight and flexibility to drawn objects. It can be applied to simple objects, like a bouncing ball, or more complex constructions, like the musculature of a human face.squash and stretch

17. 2. Anticipation Anticipation is used to prepare the audience for an action, and to make the action appear more realistic. A dancer jumping off the floor has to bend his knees first; a golfer making a swing has to swing the club back first. Anticipation

18. 3.Staging This principle is to staging in theatre, as it is known in theatre and film. Its purpose is to direct the audience's attention, and make it clear what is of greatest importance in a scene.staging in theatre

19. 4.Straight Ahead Action and Pose to Pose. These are two different approaches to the actual drawing process. "Straight ahead action" means drawing out a scene frame by frame from beginning to end, while "pose to pose" involves starting with drawing a few key frames, and then filling in the intervals later.

20. 5.Follow Through and Overlapping Action Follow Through - when the main body of the character stops all other parts continue to catch up to the main mass.

21. 6.Slow In and Slow Out An action starts, we have more drawings near the starting pose, one or two in the middle, and more drawings near the next pose. Slow-ins and Slow-outs soften the action, making it more life like.

22. 7.Arc All actions, with few exceptions (such as the animation of a mechanical device), follow an arc or slightly circular path. Arcs give animation a more natural actions and better flow.

23. 8.Secondary Action This action adds to and enriches the main action Adds more dimension to the character animation, supplementing and/or re-enforcing the main action.

24. 9.Timing Timing refers to the number of drawings or frames for a given action, which translates to the speed of the action on film.

25. 10.Exaggeration is an effect especially useful for animation, as perfect imitation of reality can look static and dull in cartoons.

26. 11.Solid drawing The basic Principles of drawing apply to animation as it does to academic drawing.

27. 12. Appeal In a cartoon character corresponds to what would be called charisma in an actor.charisma

28. . fla extension can only be opened within Adobe Flash. The fla file extension is used for editable Flash animations

29. is an abbreviation for small web format, an Adobe Flash file format used for multimedia, vector graphics.Adobe Flashfile formatmultimediavector graphics

30. Adobe Flash Tools The Tools menu is probably the most used panel in Flash. In it are the tools needed to manipulate items on the stage. It can also be used to do actions on the timeline.

31. Properties Panel The properties panel is used to modify the characteristics of pre-existing objects on stage.

33. Timeline The timeline is an important part of the program, and can be used to animate either by hand and/or with ActionScript. The timeline represents all frames of an animation; more frames means a longer animation, less frames means a shorter animation.